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We study the class of reach-avoid dynamic games in which multiple agents interact noncooperatively, and each wishes to satisfy a distinct target criterion while avoiding a failure criterion. Reach-avoid games are commonly used to express…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-03 Dennis R. Anthony , Duy P. Nguyen , David Fridovich-Keil , Jaime F. Fisac

Being able to predict what may happen in the future requires an in-depth understanding of the physical and causal rules that govern the world. A model that is able to do so has a number of appealing applications, from robotic planning to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-05 Alex X. Lee , Richard Zhang , Frederik Ebert , Pieter Abbeel , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

In recent years, Model-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has demonstrated significant advantages over model-free methods in terms of sample efficiency by using independent environment dynamics world models for data sample…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Zifeng Shi , Meiqin Liu , Senlin Zhang , Ronghao Zheng , Shanling Dong , Ping Wei

Reactive control is often considered insufficient for multi-objective tasks because conflicting objectives give rise to local minima. We argue this limitation is not inherent but arises from static encodings that fail to reflect how…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Vito Mengers , Oliver Brock

Prediction models frequently face the challenge of concept drift, in which the underlying data distribution changes over time, weakening performance. Examples can include models which predict loan default, or those used in healthcare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Louis Chislett , Catalina A. Vallejos , Timothy I. Cannings , James Liley

As environments involving both robots and humans become increasingly common, so does the need to account for people during planning. To plan effectively, robots must be able to respond to and sometimes influence what humans do. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Arjun Sripathy , Andreea Bobu , Daniel S. Brown , Anca D. Dragan

World models, which are predictive representations of how environments evolve under actions, have become a central component of robot learning. They support policy learning, planning, simulation, evaluation, data generation, and have…

The use of learned dynamics models, also known as world models, can improve the sample efficiency of reinforcement learning. Recent work suggests that the underlying causal graphs of such dynamics models are sparsely connected, with each of…

Autonomous driving systems depend on on models that can reason about high-level scene contexts and accurately predict the dynamics of their surrounding environment. Vision- Language Models (VLMs) have recently emerged as promising tools for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Stefan Englmeier , Katharina Winter , Fabian B. Flohr

Real-time execution is essential for cyber-physical systems such as robots. These systems operate in dynamic real-world environments where even small delays can undermine responsiveness and compromise performance. Asynchronous inference has…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Haoxuan Wang , Gengyu Zhang , Yan Yan , Yuzhang Shang , Ramana Rao Kompella , Gaowen Liu

Understanding urban mobility requires models that capture how people interact with and navigate the built environment. We present a scalable, generalizable agent-based framework in which daily schedules emerge from the interplay between…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-30 Sandro M. Reia , Henrique F. de Arruda , Shiyang Ruan , Taylor Anderson , Hamdi Kavak , Dieter Pfoser

Simulation engines are widely adopted in robotics. However, they lack either full simulation control, ROS integration, realistic physics, or photorealism. Recently, synthetic data generation and realistic rendering has advanced tasks like…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Elia Bonetto , Chenghao Xu , Aamir Ahmad

World models have recently re-emerged as a central paradigm for embodied intelligence, robotics, autonomous driving, and model-based reinforcement learning. However, current world model research is often dominated by three partially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Sen Cui , Jingheng Ma

Temporal prediction is critical for making intelligent and robust decisions in complex dynamic environments. Motion prediction needs to model the inherently uncertain future which often contains multiple potential outcomes, due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Yichuan Charlie Tang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Endowing continuum robots with compliance while it is interacting with the internal environment of the human body is essential to prevent damage to the robot and the surrounding tissues. Compared with passive compliance, active compliance…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-30 David Jakes , Zongyuan Ge , Liao Wu

Recent advances in robot foundation models trained on large-scale human teleoperation data have enabled robots to perform increasingly complex real-world tasks. However, scaling these systems remains difficult because collecting…

Motion planning in environments with multiple agents is critical to many important autonomous applications such as autonomous vehicles and assistive robots. This paper considers the problem of motion planning, where the controlled agent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Yuxiao Chen , Ugo Rosolia , Chuchu Fan , Aaron D. Ames , Richard Murray

Simulations are attractive environments for training agents as they provide an abundant source of data and alleviate certain safety concerns during the training process. But the behaviours developed by agents in simulation are often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Xue Bin Peng , Marcin Andrychowicz , Wojciech Zaremba , Pieter Abbeel

Training generalist policies for robotic manipulation has shown great promise, as they enable language-conditioned, multi-task behaviors across diverse scenarios. However, evaluating these policies remains difficult because real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Wei-Cheng Tseng , Jinwei Gu , Qinsheng Zhang , Hanzi Mao , Ming-Yu Liu , Florian Shkurti , Lin Yen-Chen

Recent advances in diffusion transformers have empowered video generation models to generate high-quality video clips from texts or images. However, world models with the ability to predict long-horizon futures from past observations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Yixuan Zhu , Jiaqi Feng , Wenzhao Zheng , Yuan Gao , Xin Tao , Pengfei Wan , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu