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How can we reliably simulate future driving scenarios under a wide range of ego driving behaviors? Recent driving world models, developed exclusively on real-world driving data composed mainly of safe expert trajectories, struggle to follow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jiazhi Yang , Kashyap Chitta , Shenyuan Gao , Long Chen , Yuqian Shao , Xiaosong Jia , Hongyang Li , Andreas Geiger , Xiangyu Yue , Li Chen

Autonomous Vehicle decisions rely on multimodal prediction models that account for multiple route options and the inherent uncertainty in human behavior. However, models can suffer from mode collapse, where only the most likely mode is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Maarten Hugenholtz , Anna Meszaros , Jens Kober , Zlatan Ajanovic

Data-efficient learning remains a central challenge in autonomous driving due to the high cost and safety risks of large-scale real-world interaction. Although world-model-based reinforcement learning enables policy optimization through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jiazhuo Li , Linjiang Cao , Qi Liu , Xi Xiong

Large Language Models (LLMs) can serve as world models to enhance agent decision-making in digital environments by simulating future states and predicting action outcomes, potentially eliminating costly trial-and-error exploration. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Kai Mei , Jiang Guo , Shuaichen Chang , Mingwen Dong , Dongkyu Lee , Xing Niu , Jiarong Jiang

Collective motion is found in various animal systems, active suspensions and robotic or virtual agents. This is often understood using high level models that directly encode selected empirical features, such as co-alignment and cohesion.…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-07-19 Henry J. Charlesworth , Matthew S. Turner

Motion is an important cue for video prediction and often utilized by separating video content into static and dynamic components. Most of the previous work utilizing motion is deterministic but there are stochastic methods that can model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Adil Kaan Akan , Erkut Erdem , Aykut Erdem , Fatma Güney

World models have become a central paradigm for learning predictive simulators that support generation, planning, and decision-making. Yet, despite rapid progress in industry-scale interactive video generation, the broader research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Siqiao Huang , Partha Kaushik , Michael Chen , Hengkai Pan , Kaiwen Geng , Omar Chehab , Fernando Moreno-Pino , Max Simchowitz

Anticipating future activities in video is a task with many practical applications. While earlier approaches are limited to just a few seconds in the future, the prediction time horizon has just recently been extended to several minutes in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Yazan Abu Farha , Juergen Gall

Scalable and reliable evaluation is increasingly critical in the end-to-end era of autonomous driving, where vision--language--action (VLA) policies directly map raw sensor streams to driving actions. Yet, current evaluation pipelines still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Chaoda Zheng , Sean Li , Jinhao Deng , Zhennan Wang , Shijia Chen , Liqiang Xiao , Ziheng Chi , Hongbin Lin , Kangjie Chen , Boyang Wang , Yu Zhang , Xianming Liu

Robust motion forecasting of the dynamic scene is a critical component of an autonomous vehicle. It is a challenging problem due to the heterogeneity in the scene and the inherent uncertainties in the problem. To improve the accuracy of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Titas Chakraborty , Akshay Bhagat , Henggang Cui

Autonomous robots that rely on deep neural network controllers pose critical challenges for safety prediction, especially under partial observability and distribution shift. Traditional model-based verification techniques are limited in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhenjiang Mao , Mrinall Eashaan Umasudhan , Ivan Ruchkin

Predictive models are being increasingly used to support consequential decision making at the individual level in contexts such as pretrial bail and loan approval. As a result, there is increasing social and legal pressure to provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Amir-Hossein Karimi , Gilles Barthe , Borja Balle , Isabel Valera

Multi-agent motion prediction is a crucial concern in autonomous driving, yet it remains a challenge owing to the ambiguous intentions of dynamic agents and their intricate interactions. Existing studies have attempted to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Sungmin Woo , Minjung Kim , Donghyeong Kim , Sungjun Jang , Sangyoun Lee

We present a visual imitation learning framework that enables learning of robot action policies solely based on expert samples without any robot trials. Robot exploration and on-policy trials in a real-world environment could often be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Alan Wu , AJ Piergiovanni , Michael S. Ryoo

Safe L2/L3 driving automation requires anticipating human-in-the-loop reactions during shared-control transitions. While most driving world models forecast the external environment, in-cabin intelligence remains strictly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Haozhuang Chi , Daosheng Qiu , Hao Su , Haochen Liu , Zirui Li , Haoruo Zhang , Chen Lv

Agents built on vision-language models increasingly face tasks that demand anticipating future states rather than relying on short-horizon reasoning. Generative world models offer a promising remedy: agents could use them as external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Cheng Qian , Emre Can Acikgoz , Bingxuan Li , Xiusi Chen , Yuji Zhang , Bingxiang He , Qinyu Luo , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur , Yunzhu Li , Heng Ji

In this work, we introduce the Time-Aware World Model (TAWM), a model-based approach that explicitly incorporates temporal dynamics. By conditioning on the time-step size, {\Delta}t, and training over a diverse range of {\Delta}t values --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Anh N. Nhu , Sanghyun Son , Ming Lin

World models allow agents to simulate the consequences of actions in imagined environments for planning, control, and long-horizon decision-making. However, existing autoregressive world models struggle with visually coherent predictions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Sen Wang , Jingyi Tian , Le Wang , Zhimin Liao , Jiayi Li , Huaiyi Dong , Kun Xia , Sanping Zhou , Wei Tang , Hua Gang

Deploying learned control policies in real-world environments poses a fundamental challenge. When system dynamics change unexpectedly, performance degrades until models are retrained on new data. We introduce Reflexive World Models (RWM), a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Carlos Stein Brito , Daniel McNamee

Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) are becoming increasingly capable across diverse robotic tasks. However, their real-world deployment remains slow and inefficient: demonstration videos are often sped up by 5-10x to appear smooth, with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jiaming Tang , Yufei Sun , Yilong Zhao , Shang Yang , Yujun Lin , Zhuoyang Zhang , James Hou , Yao Lu , Zhijian Liu , Song Han