English
Related papers

Related papers: Is Complexity the Problem? Testing Random Choice w…

200 papers

Most of the stochastic orders for comparing random variables, considered in the literature, are afflicted with two main drawbacks: (i) lack of connex property and (ii) lack of consideration of any dependence structure between the random…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-03 Sugata Ghosh , Asok K. Nanda

Semantic Heterogeneity is conventionally understood as the existence of variance in the representation of a target reality when modelled, by independent parties, in different databases, schemas and/ or data. We argue that the mere encoding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Fausto Giunchiglia , Mayukh Bagchi

In this paper we model the problem of learning preferences of a population as an active learning problem. We propose an algorithm can adaptively choose pairs of items to show to users coming from a heterogeneous population, and use the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-23 Aniruddha Bhargava , Ravi Ganti , Robert Nowak

Model multiplicity refers to the existence of multiple machine learning models that describe the data equally well but may produce different predictions on individual samples. In medicine, these models can admit conflicting predictions for…

When randomized ensemble methods such as bagging and random forests are implemented, a basic question arises: Is the ensemble large enough? In particular, the practitioner desires a rigorous guarantee that a given ensemble will perform…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-06 Miles E. Lopes , Suofei Wu , Thomas C. M. Lee

Many data sets contain an inherent multilevel structure, for example, because of repeated measurements of the same observational units. Taking this structure into account is critical for the accuracy and calibration of any statistical…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-05-07 Topi Paananen , Alejandro Catalina , Paul-Christian Bürkner , Aki Vehtari

Limited by cognitive abilities, decision-makers (DMs) may struggle to evaluate decision alternatives based on all criteria in multiple criteria decision-making problems. This paper proposes an embedded criteria selection method derived from…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Kun Zhou , Zaiwu Gong , Guo Wei , Roman Slowinski

Query evaluation over probabilistic databases is known to be intractable in many cases, even in data complexity, i.e., when the query is fixed. Although some restrictions of the queries [19] and instances [4] have been proposed to lower the…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Antoine Amarilli , Mikaël Monet , Pierre Senellart

The random utility model (RUM, McFadden and Richter, 1990) has been the standard tool to describe the behavior of a population of decision makers. RUM assumes that decision makers behave as if they maximize a rational preference over a…

General Economics · Economics 2022-07-05 Victor H. Aguiar , Maria Jose Boccardi , Nail Kashaev , Jeongbin Kim

Complexity is an interdisciplinary concept which, first of all, addresses the question of how order emerges out of randomness. For many reasons matrices provide a very practical and powerful tool in approaching and quantifying the related…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-12-18 S. Drozdz , J. Kwapien , J. Speth , M. Wojcik

Common practice in modern machine learning involves fitting a large number of parameters relative to the number of observations. These overparameterized models can exhibit surprising generalization behavior, e.g., ``double descent'' in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-03 Pratik Patil , Jin-Hong Du , Ryan J. Tibshirani

The ability to uncover preferences from choices is fundamental for both positive economics and welfare analysis. Overwhelming evidence shows that choice is stochastic, which has given rise to random utility models as the dominant paradigm…

General Economics · Economics 2018-11-07 Carlos Alos-Ferrer , Ernst Fehr , Nick Netzer

The homogeneity problem for testing if more than two different samples come from the same population is considered for the case of functional data. The methodological results are motivated by the study of homogeneity of electronic devices…

Traditional statistical analysis requires that the analysis process and data are independent. By contrast, the new field of adaptive data analysis hopes to understand and provide algorithms and accuracy guarantees for research as it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Sam Elder

Providing generalization guarantees for stochastic optimization algorithms remains a key challenge in learning theory. Recently, numerous works demonstrated the impact of the geometric properties of optimization trajectories on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Mario Tuci , Lennart Bastian , Benjamin Dupuis , Nassir Navab , Tolga Birdal , Umut Şimşekli

We explore heterogeneous prices as a source of heterogeneous or stochastic demand. Heterogeneous prices could arise either because there is actual price variation among consumers or because consumers (mis)perceive prices differently. Our…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-26 John K. -H. Quah , Gerelt Tserenjigmid

Machine learning models are often susceptible to adversarial perturbations of their inputs. Even small perturbations can cause state-of-the-art classifiers with high "standard" accuracy to produce an incorrect prediction with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-03 Ludwig Schmidt , Shibani Santurkar , Dimitris Tsipras , Kunal Talwar , Aleksander Mądry

The proliferation of models for networks raises challenging problems of model selection: the data are sparse and globally dependent, and models are typically high-dimensional and have large numbers of latent variables. Together, these…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-06-25 Xiaoran Yan , Cosma Rohilla Shalizi , Jacob E. Jensen , Florent Krzakala , Cristopher Moore , Lenka Zdeborova , Pan Zhang , Yaojia Zhu

Randomness in scientific estimation is generally assumed to arise from unmeasured or uncontrolled factors. However, when combining subjective probability estimates, heterogeneity stemming from people's cognitive or information diversity is…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-09-14 Ville A. Satopää , Robin Pemantle , Lyle H. Ungar

Completeness and transitivity are standard rationality conditions in economics. However, under ambiguity, decision makers sometimes violate these requirements because of the difficulty of forming accurate predictions about ambiguous events.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-09-16 Kensei Nakamura , Shohei Yanagita