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In recent years, Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) has advanced from text-to-image generation to text-to-video and multimodal video synthesis. However, generating playable games presents significant challenges due to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Mingyu Yang , Junyou Li , Zhongbin Fang , Sheng Chen , Yangbin Yu , Qiang Fu , Wei Yang , Deheng Ye

Procedural Content Generation (PCG) offers scalable methods for algorithmically creating complex, customizable worlds. However, controlling these pipelines requires the precise configuration of opaque technical parameters. We propose a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Lim Chien Her , Ming Yan , Yunshu Bai , Ruihao Li , Hao Zhang

Procedural content generation uses algorithmic techniques to create large amounts of new content for games at much lower production costs. In newer approaches, procedural content generation utilizes machine learning. However, these methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Davor Hafnar , Jure Demšar

Recent procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) methods allow learning from existing content to produce similar content automatically. While these approaches are able to generate content for different games (e.g. Super…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Vanessa Volz , Niels Justesen , Sam Snodgrass , Sahar Asadi , Sami Purmonen , Christoffer Holmgård , Julian Togelius , Sebastian Risi

Techniques for procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) have been shown to be useful for generating novel game content. While used primarily for producing new content in the style of the game domain used for training,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Anurag Sarkar , Adam Summerville , Sam Snodgrass , Gerard Bentley , Joseph Osborn

Procedural Content Generation (PCG) techniques enable automatic creation of diverse and complex environments. While PCG facilitates more efficient content creation, ensuring consistently high-quality, industry-standard content remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Mahdi Farrokhimaleki , Parsa Rahmati , Richard Zhao

We present a new approach ARLPCG: Adversarial Reinforcement Learning for Procedural Content Generation, which procedurally generates and tests previously unseen environments with an auxiliary input as a control variable. Training RL agents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Linus Gisslén , Andy Eakins , Camilo Gordillo , Joakim Bergdahl , Konrad Tollmar

Urban areas, as the primary human habitat in modern civilization, accommodate a broad spectrum of social activities. With the surge of embodied intelligence, recent years have witnessed an increasing presence of physical agents in urban…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Shougao Zhang , Mengqi Zhou , Yuxi Wang , Chuanchen Luo , Rongyu Wang , Yiwei Li , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Junran Peng

Search-based procedural content generation (PCG) is a well-known method for level generation in games. Its key advantage is that it is generic and able to satisfy functional constraints. However, due to the heavy computational costs to run…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Ahmed Khalifa , Michael Cerny Green , Julian Togelius

Achieving optimal balance in games is essential to their success, yet reliant on extensive manual work and playtesting. To facilitate this process, the Procedural Content Generation via Reinforcement Learning (PCGRL) framework has recently…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Florian Rupp , Alessandro Puddu , Christian Becker-Asano , Kai Eckert

Machine learning has been a popular tool in many different fields, including procedural content generation. However, procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) approaches can struggle with controllability and coherence. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Kynan Sorochan , Jerry Chen , Yakun Yu , Matthew Guzdial

Procedural story generation (PCG) tailors a unique narrative experience for a player and can be accomplished via multiple techniques, from matching storylets to grammar-based generation. There exists a rich opportunity for evolutionary…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Erik M. Fredericks , Byron DeVries

Procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) has shown success at producing new video game content with machine learning. However, the majority of the work has focused on the production of static game content, including game…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Nazanin Yousefzadeh Khameneh , Matthew Guzdial

Procedural content generation (PCG) is of great interest to game design and development as it generates game content automatically. Motivated by the recent learning-based PCG framework and other existing PCG works, we propose an alternative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Peizhi Shi , Ke Chen

The attempt to utilize machine learning in PCG has been made in the past. In this survey paper, we investigate how generative artificial intelligence (AI), which saw a significant increase in interest in the mid-2010s, is being used for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Xinyu Mao , Wanli Yu , Kazunori D Yamada , Michael R. Zielewski

Procedural Content Generation via Reinforcement Learning (PCGRL) foregoes the need for large human-authored data-sets and allows agents to train explicitly on functional constraints, using computable, user-defined measures of quality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Zehua Jiang , Sam Earle , Michael Cerny Green , Julian Togelius

We present a novel approach for the procedural construction of multi-step contact-rich manipulation tasks in robotics. Our generator takes as input user-defined sets of atomic actions, objects, and spatial predicates and outputs solvable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Michal Vavrecka , Radoslav Skoviera , Gabriela Sejnova , Karla Stepanova

Procedural Content Generation via Machine Learning (PCGML) faces a significant hurdle that sets it apart from other fields, such as image or text generation, which is limited annotated data. Many existing methods for procedural level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Negar Mirgati , Matthew Guzdial

With increasing interest in procedural content generation by academia and game developers alike, it is vital that different approaches can be compared fairly. However, evaluating procedurally generated video game levels is often difficult,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Michael Beukman , Steven James , Christopher Cleghorn

Procedural content generation (PCG) has become an increasingly popular technique in game development, allowing developers to generate dynamic, replayable, and scalable environments with reduced manual effort. In this study, a novel method…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Miraç Buğra Özkan