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Pseudo-heterodyne scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (sSNOM) is applied in the mid-infrared region to detect the chemical composition of biomolecules on the nanoscale. However, the application of sSNOM in molecular…
Characterizing noise in superconducting qubits is essential for improving coherence and gate performance. Conventional noise-sensing methods typically use the qubit itself as the sensor, which limits both accessible bandwidth and…
Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are a leading modality for magnetic sensing and imaging under ambient conditions. However, these sensors suffer from degraded performance due to paramagnetic impurities and regions of stress in the…
Atomic gravimeters are the most accurate sensors for measuring gravity, yet a significant challenge lies in achieving high precision while also maintaining high dynamic range and robustness. Here, we develop a protocol for achieving robust…
Radiation sensors based on the heating effect of the absorbed radiation are typically relatively simple to operate and flexible in terms of the input frequency. Consequently, they are widely applied, for example, in gas detection, security,…
Imaging in low light is difficult because the number of photons arriving at the sensor is low. Imaging dynamic scenes in low-light environments is even more difficult because as the scene moves, pixels in adjacent frames need to be aligned…
We report on the development of a microfabricated atomic magnetic gradiometer based on optical spectroscopy of alkali atoms in the vapor phase. The gradiometer, which operates in the spin-exchange relaxation free regime, has a length of 60…
The utility of inertial sensors depends on resilience against real-world dynamics and noise. Atom interferometry offers a sensing technology with the advantage of good long-term stability, high sensitivity, and accuracy. High measurement…
High-stress Si$_3$N$_4$ nanoresonators have become an attractive choice for electro- and optomechanical devices. Membrane resonators can achieve quality factor ($Q$) - frequency ($f$) products exceeding $10^{13}$ Hz, enabling (in principle)…
Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) adapts an atomic force microscope to measure electric potential on surfaces at nanometer length scales. Here we demonstrate that Heterodyne-KPFM enables scan rates of several frames per minute in air,…
Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has been extensively applied to probe interfacial water in many interdisciplinary fields but the disturbance of the probes on the hydrogen-bonding structure of water has remained an intractable problem. Here…
As mechanical devices in the nano/micro length scale are increasingly employed, it is crucial to understand nanoscale friction and wear especially at technically relevant sliding velocities. Accordingly, a novel technique has been developed…
Phase sensitivity determines the lowest optical path length (OPL) value that can be detected from the noise floor in a quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) system. The temporal phase sensitivity is known to be limited by both photon…
We theoretically investigate quantum measurement noise in a hybrid optomechanical system, focusing on radiation pressure back action and its impact on force sensing. The setup consists of an optomechanical cavity with a movable mirror, a…
Knowledge of surface forces is the key to understanding a large number of processes in fields ranging from physics to material science and biology. The most common method to study surfaces is dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM). Dynamic…
The development of a microwave electrometer with inherent uncertainty approaching its ultimate limit carries both fundamental and technological significance. Recently, the Rydberg electrometer has garnered considerable attention due to its…
Micro-/nanomechanical mass sensors are capable to quantitatively determine molecule mass from only first three (two) measured cantilever (bridge) resonant frequencies. However, in liquid solutions that are relevant to most of the biological…
High sensitivity detection plays a vital role in science discoveries and technological applications. While intriguing methods utilizing collective many-body correlations and quantum entanglements have been developed in physics to enhance…
Measuring the mechanical response of liquid interfaces without direct contact remains a major experimental challenge, particularly in liquid-liquid systems where no solid reference exists. Here, we develop a frequency-modulation atomic…
We present a new method to measure 1/f noise in Josephson quantum bits (qubits) that yields low-frequency spectra below 1Hz. Comparison of noise taken at positive and negative bias of a phase qubit shows the dominant noise source to be flux…