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Despite of the superb performance on a wide range of tasks, pre-trained language models (e.g., BERT) have been proved vulnerable to adversarial texts. In this paper, we present RoChBERT, a framework to build more Robust BERT-based models by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Zihan Zhang , Jinfeng Li , Ning Shi , Bo Yuan , Xiangyu Liu , Rong Zhang , Hui Xue , Donghong Sun , Chao Zhang

Assurance of cybersecurity is crucial to ensure dependability and resilience of smart power grid systems. In order to evaluate the impact of potential cyber attacks, to assess deployability and effectiveness of cybersecurity measures, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Daisuke Mashima , Muhammad M. Roomi , Bennet Ng , Zbigniew Kalbarczyk , S. M. Suhail Hussain , Ee-chien Chang

Natural Language Processing (NLP) has recently gained wide attention in cybersecurity, particularly in Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) and cyber automation. Increased connection and automation have revolutionized the world's economic and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Ehsan Aghaei , Xi Niu , Waseem Shadid , Ehab Al-Shaer

We introduce LiveSecBench, a continuously updated safety benchmark specifically for Chinese-language LLM application scenarios. LiveSecBench constructs a high-quality and unique dataset through a pipeline that combines automated generation…

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the data preparation pipeline developed for the OpenGPT-X project, a large-scale initiative aimed at creating open and high-performance multilingual large language models (LLMs). The project…

Context: To effectively defend against ever-evolving cybersecurity threats, software systems should be made as secure as possible. To achieve this, software developers should understand potential vulnerabilities and apply secure coding…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Alina Torbunova , Adnan Ashraf , Ivan Porres

Modern large language model training is no longer limited by data availability, but by the inability of existing preprocessing pipelines to simultaneously achieve massive scale and high data quality. Current approaches are forced to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Gowtham , Sai Rupesh , Sanjay Kumar , Saravanan , Venkata Chaithanya

In response to the escalating cyber-attacks in the modern IT and IoT landscape, we developed CYGENT, a conversational agent framework powered by GPT-3.5 turbo model, designed to aid system administrators in ensuring optimal performance and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Prasasthy Balasubramanian , Justin Seby , Panos Kostakos

In safety-critical software systems, cybersecurity activities become essential, with risk assessment being one of the most critical. In many software teams, cybersecurity experts are either entirely absent or represented by only a small…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Fikret Mert Gultekin , Oscar Lilja , Ranim Khojah , Rebekka Wohlrab , Marvin Damschen , Mazen Mohamad

While large general-purpose Transformer-based encoders excel at general language understanding, their performance diminishes in specialized domains like manufacturing due to a lack of exposure to domain-specific terminology and semantics.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Robin Armingaud , Romaric Besançon

We introduce Texygen, a benchmarking platform to support research on open-domain text generation models. Texygen has not only implemented a majority of text generation models, but also covered a set of metrics that evaluate the diversity,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Yaoming Zhu , Sidi Lu , Lei Zheng , Jiaxian Guo , Weinan Zhang , Jun Wang , Yong Yu

Machine learning has brought striking advances in multilingual natural language processing capabilities over the past year. For example, the latest techniques have improved the state-of-the-art performance on the XTREME multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Sebastian Ruder , Noah Constant , Jan Botha , Aditya Siddhant , Orhan Firat , Jinlan Fu , Pengfei Liu , Junjie Hu , Dan Garrette , Graham Neubig , Melvin Johnson

Textual descriptions in cyber threat intelligence (CTI) reports, such as security articles and news, are rich sources of knowledge about cyber threats, crucial for organizations to stay informed about the rapidly evolving threat landscape.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yutong Cheng , Osama Bajaber , Saimon Amanuel Tsegai , Dawn Song , Peng Gao

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit significant limitations, notably in structured, interpretable, and verifiable medical reasoning, alongside practical deployment challenges related to computational resources and data privacy.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Boqin Zhuang , Chenxiao Song , Huitong Lu , Jiacheng Qiao , Mingqian Liu , Mingxing Yu , Ping Hong , Rui Li , Xiaoxia Song , Xiangjun Xu , Xu Chen , Yaoyao Ma , Yujie Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks, capturing the attention of both practitioners and the broader public. A key question that now preoccupies the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yahan Li , Yi Wang , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

During the development of large language models (LLMs), pre-training data play a critical role in shaping LLMs' capabilities. In recent years several large-scale and high-quality pre-training datasets have been released to accelerate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Wanyue Zhang , Ziyong Li , Wen Yang , Chunlin Leng , Yinan Bai , Qianlong Du , Chengqing Zong , Jiajun Zhang

In the dynamic realm of cybersecurity, awareness training is crucial for strengthening defenses against cyber threats. This survey examines a spectrum of cybersecurity awareness training methods, analyzing traditional, technology-based, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Saif Al-Dean Qawasmeh , Ali Abdullah S. AlQahtani , Muhammad Khurram Khan

Even though large language models are becoming increasingly capable, it is still unreasonable to expect them to excel at tasks that are under-represented on the Internet. Leveraging LLMs for specialized applications, particularly in niche…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Brendan R. Hogan , Will Brown , Adel Boyarsky , Anderson Schneider , Yuriy Nevmyvaka

The number of people accessing online services is increasing day by day, and with new users, comes a greater need for effective and responsive cyber-security. Our goal in this study was to find out if there are common patterns within the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Gábor Antal , Balázs Mosolygó , Norbert Vándor , Péter Hegedüs

We are releasing a new suite of security benchmarks for LLMs, CYBERSECEVAL 3, to continue the conversation on empirically measuring LLM cybersecurity risks and capabilities. CYBERSECEVAL 3 assesses 8 different risks across two broad…

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