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Machine learning (ML) tools with graphical user interfaces (GUI) are facing demand from novice users who do not have the background of their underlying concepts. These tools are frequently complex and pose unique challenges in terms of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Asma Yamani , Haifa Alshammare , Malak Baslyman

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is essential for building advanced machine learning-powered applications, especially in critical domains such as medical diagnostics or autonomous driving. Legal, business, and ethical requirements…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Tobias Labarta , Elizaveta Kulicheva , Ronja Froelian , Christian Geißler , Xenia Melman , Julian von Klitzing

The recent progress of large language model agents has opened new possibilities for automating tasks through graphical user interfaces (GUIs), especially in mobile environments where intelligent interaction can greatly enhance usability.…

External knowledge has played a crucial role in the recent development of computer use agents. We identify a critical knowledge-execution gap: retrieved knowledge often fails to translate into effective real-world task execution. Our…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ziyun Zhang , Xinyi Liu , Xiaoyi Zhang , Jun Wang , Gang Chen , Yan Lu

Computer Using Agents (CUAs) are increasingly equipped with external tools, enabling them to perform complex and realistic tasks. For CUAs to operate effectively, application selection, which refers to deciding which application to use…

The rise of autonomous GUI agents has triggered adversarial countermeasures from digital platforms, yet existing research prioritizes utility and robustness over the critical dimension of anti-detection. We argue that for agents to survive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jiachen Zhu , Lingyu Yang , Rong Shan , Congmin Zheng , Zeyu Zheng , Weiwen Liu , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang , Jianghao Lin

We introduce SCUBA, a benchmark designed to evaluate computer-use agents on customer relationship management (CRM) workflows within the Salesforce platform. SCUBA contains 300 task instances derived from real user interviews, spanning three…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yutong Dai , Krithika Ramakrishnan , Jing Gu , Matthew Fernandez , Yanqi Luo , Viraj Prabhu , Zhenyu Hu , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu

The availability of interaction devices has raised interest in techniques to support the user interface (UI). A UI specification describes the functions that a system provides to its users by capturing the interface details and includes…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Sabah Al-Fedaghi

Software analytics in augmented reality (AR) is said to have great potential. One reason why this potential is not yet fully exploited may be usability problems of the AR user interfaces. We present an iterative and qualitative usability…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-17 David Baum , Stefan Bechert , Ulrich Eisenecker , Isabelle Meichsner , Richard Müller

User experience (UX) practices have evolved in stages and are entering a transformative phase (UX 3.0), driven by AI technologies and shifting user needs. Human-centered AI (HCAI) experiences are emerging, necessitating new UX approaches to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Wei Xu

Generative UI is transforming interface design by facilitating AI-driven collaborative workflows between designers and computational systems. This study establishes a working definition of Generative UI through a multi-method qualitative…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Kyungho Lee

Vast improvements in natural language understanding and speech recognition have paved the way for conversational interaction with computers. While conversational agents have often been used for short goal-oriented dialog, we know little…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Jessica Van Brummelen , Kevin Weng , Phoebe Lin , Catherine Yeo

We present MUG, a novel interactive task for multimodal grounding where a user and an agent work collaboratively on an interface screen. Prior works modeled multimodal UI grounding in one round: the user gives a command and the agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Tao Li , Gang Li , Jingjie Zheng , Purple Wang , Yang Li

Explainable AI (XAI) techniques aim to provide insights into predictive models and enhance user performance, yet they often fall short of these expectations. Conversational XAI assistants promise to overcome such limitations, but empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Sven Kruschel , Julian Rosenberger , Lasse Bohlen , Mathias Kraus , Patrick Zschech

The development of high-quality datasets is crucial for benchmarking and advancing research in Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents. Despite their importance, existing datasets are often constructed under idealized conditions, overlooking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jingqi Yang , Zhilong Song , Jiawei Chen , Mingli Song , Sheng Zhou , linjun sun , Xiaogang Ouyang , Chun Chen , Can Wang

Human-computer interaction (HCI) has been a widely researched area for many years, with continuous advancements in technology leading to the development of new techniques that change the way we interact with computers. With the recent…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Kaushik Ranade , Tanmay Khule , Riddhi More

The computer programs most users interact with daily are driven by a graphical user interface (GUI). However, many scientific applications are used with a command line interface (CLI) for the ease of development and increased flexibility…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2008-06-03 N. C. Manoukis , E. C. Anderson

Computer use agents (CUAs) can operate real-world digital interfaces but remain difficult to train due to the high cost of graphical user interface (GUI) interaction and the scarcity of high-quality trajectory data. Existing datasets rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yifei He , Pranit Chawla , Yaser Souri , Subhojit Som , Xia Song

In recent years, discussions on integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into UX design have intensified. However, the practical application of AI tools in design is limited by their operation within overly simplified scenarios, inherent…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Harin Yoon , Dongwhan Kim , Changhoon Oh , Soojin Jun

Although computer-use agents (CUAs) hold significant potential to automate increasingly complex OS workflows, they can demonstrate unsafe unintended behaviors that deviate from expected outcomes even under benign input contexts. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jaylen Jones , Zhehao Zhang , Yuting Ning , Eric Fosler-Lussier , Pierre-Luc St-Charles , Yoshua Bengio , Dawn Song , Yu Su , Huan Sun