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The recently released model, Claude 3.5 Computer Use, stands out as the first frontier AI model to offer computer use in public beta as a graphical user interface (GUI) agent. As an early beta, its capability in the real-world complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Siyuan Hu , Mingyu Ouyang , Difei Gao , Mike Zheng Shou

Nowadays, research on GUI agents is a hot topic in the AI community. However, current research focuses on GUI task automation, limiting the scope of applications in various GUI scenarios. In this paper, we propose a formalized and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Kangjia Zhao , Jiahui Song , Leigang Sha , Haozhan Shen , Zhi Chen , Tiancheng Zhao , Xiubo Liang , Jianwei Yin

Graphical user interface (GUI) agents have shown promise in automating mobile tasks but still struggle with input redundancy and decision ambiguity. In this paper, we present \textbf{RecAgent}, an uncertainty-aware agent that addresses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Chao Hao , Shuai Wang , Kaiwen Zhou

The growing capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in instruction-following and context-understanding lead to the era of agents with numerous applications. Among these, task planning agents have become especially prominent in…

To enable human oversight, agentic AI systems often provide a trace of reasoning and action steps. Designing traces to have an informative, but not overwhelming, level of detail remains a critical challenge. In three user studies on a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Madeleine Grunde-McLaughlin , Hussein Mozannar , Maya Murad , Jingya Chen , Saleema Amershi , Adam Fourney

Computer-using agents (CUAs), which can autonomously control computers to perform multi-step actions, might pose significant safety risks if misused. However, existing benchmarks mainly evaluate LMs in chatbots or simple tool use. To more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Aaron Xuxiang Tian , Ruofan Zhang , Janet Tang , Ji Wang , Tianyu Shi , Jiaxin Wen

An important application of interactive machine learning is extending or amplifying the cognitive and physical capabilities of a human. To accomplish this, machines need to learn about their human users' intentions and adapt to their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-06-10 Vivek Veeriah , Patrick M. Pilarski , Richard S. Sutton

AI is promising in assisting UX evaluators with analyzing usability tests, but its judgments are typically presented as non-interactive visualizations. Evaluators may have questions about test recordings, but have no way of asking them.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Emily Kuang , Ehsan Jahangirzadeh Soure , Mingming Fan , Jian Zhao , Kristen Shinohara

The demand for quality in mobile applications has increased greatly given users' high reliance on them for daily tasks. Developers work tirelessly to ensure that their applications are both functional and user-friendly. In pursuit of this,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Safwat Ali Khan

Measuring GUI task difficulty is crucial for user behavior analysis and agent capability evaluation. Yet, existing benchmarks typically quantify difficulty based on motor actions (e.g., step counts), overlooking the cognitive demands…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yiwen Yin , Zhian Hu , Xiaoxi Xu , Chun Yu , Xintong Wu , Wenyu Fan , Yuanchun Shi

AI agents that take actions in their environment autonomously over extended time horizons require robust governance interventions to curb their potentially consequential risks. Prior proposals for governing AI agents primarily target…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-02 K. J. Kevin Feng , Tae Soo Kim , Rock Yuren Pang , Faria Huq , Tal August , Amy X. Zhang

Generative user interfaces (UIs) create new opportunities to adapt interfaces to individual users on demand, but personalization remains difficult because desirable UI properties are subjective, hard to articulate, and costly to infer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yi-Hao Peng , Samarth Das , Jeffrey P. Bigham , Jason Wu

The traditional user-centered design process can hardly keep up with the ever faster technical development and increasingly diverse user preferences. As a solution, we propose to augment the tried-and-tested approach of conducting user…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Florian Fischer , Arthur Fleig , Markus Klar , Viktorija Paneva , Jörg Müller

As AI becomes more common in everyday living, there is an increasing demand for intelligent systems that are both performant and understandable. Explainable AI (XAI) systems aim to provide comprehensible explanations of decisions and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Aline Mangold , Juliane Zietz , Susanne Weinhold , Sebastian Pannasch

Recent Computer-Using Agents (CUAs), powered by multimodal large language models (LLMs), offer a promising direction for automating complex desktop workflows through natural language. However, most existing CUAs remain conceptual…

Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) are central to human-computer interaction, yet automating complex GUI tasks remains a major challenge for autonomous agents, largely due to a lack of scalable, high-quality training data. While recordings of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yichun Zhang , Xiangwu Guo , Yauhong Goh , Jessica Hu , Zhiheng Chen , Xin Wang , Difei Gao , Mike Zheng Shou

User experience (UX) is a part of human-computer interaction (HCI) research and focuses on increasing intuitiveness, transparency, simplicity, and trust for the system users. Most UX research for machine learning (ML) or natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Anastasia Zhukova , Lukas von Sperl , Christian E. Matt , Bela Gipp

Building human-like agent, which aims to learn and think like human intelligence, has long been an important research topic in AI. To train and test human-like agents, we need an environment that imposes the agent to rich multimodal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Kwanyoung Park , Hyunseok Oh , Youngki Lee

With the deep integration of artificial intelligence and interactive technology, Graphical User Interface (GUI) Agent, as the carrier connecting goal-oriented natural language and real-world devices, has received widespread attention from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Leyang Yang , Ziwei Wang , Xiaoxuan Tang , Sheng Zhou , Dajun Chen , Wei Jiang , Yong Li

Autonomous agents for Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) are revolutionizing human-computer interaction, yet their reliance on text-based instructions imposes limitations on accessibility and convenience, particularly in hands-free scenarios.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Wenkang Han , Zhixiong Zeng , Jing Huang , Shu Jiang , Liming Zheng , Longrong Yang , Haibo Qiu , Chang Yao , Jingyuan Chen , Lin Ma
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