Related papers: Ramanujan, the taxicab problem for polynomials, an…

In this self-contained short note, we prove that {\it every arithmetic function} $F$ {\it has infinitely many Ramanujan coefficients} $G$ {\it giving an absolutely convergent Ramanujan expansion for $F$}. This is "coefficients'…

Many combinatorial sequences (for example, the Catalan and Motzkin numbers) may be expressed as the constant term of $P(x)^k Q(x)$, for some Laurent polynomials $P(x)$ and $Q(x)$ in the variable $x$ with integer coefficients. Denoting such…

We provide an historical account of equivalent conditions for the Riemann Hypothesis arising from the work of Ramanujan and, later, Guy Robin on generalized highly composite numbers. The first part of the paper is on the mathematical…

The Ramanujan--Mordell Theorem for sums of an even number of squares is extended to other quadratic forms and quadratic polynomials.

This paper is purely expository. We present short elementary proofs of * the Gauss Theorem on constructibility of regular polygons; * the existence of a cubic equation unsolvable in real radicals; * the existence of a quintic equation…

In his notebooks, Ramanujan presented without proof many remarkable formulae for the solutions to generalized modular equations. Much later, proofs of the formulae were provided by making use of highly nontrivial identities for theta series…

We study the solubility of the binary additive equation $[m^c] + [p^c] = n$, where $m$ is an integer, $p$ is a prime number, and $c$ is a fixed real number in the range $1 < c < 3/2$.

There are four division algebras over $\mathbb{R}$, namely real numbers, complex numbers, quaternions, and octonions. Lack of commutativity and associativity make it difficult to investigate algebraic and geometric properties of octonions.…

We present a more general proof that cyclotomic polynomials are irreducible over Q and other number fields that meet certain conditions. The proof provides a new perspective that ties together well-known results, as well as some new…

A matrix polynomial is a polynomial in a complex variable $\lambda$ with coefficients in $n \times n$ complex matrices. The spectral curve of a matrix polynomial $P(\lambda)$ is the curve $\{ (\lambda, \mu) \in \mathbb{C}^2 \mid…

Ramanujan found five solutions to the exponential Diophantine equation $z^2+7= 2^n$ where $z$ and $n$ are positive integers, and posed the problem of determining whether there are any more. Nagell was the first to prove that there were not.…

The Hardy-Ramanujan formula for the number of integer partitions of $n$ is one of the most popular results in partition theory. While the unabridged final formula has been celebrated as reflecting the genius of its authors, it has become…

The Abhyankar-Sathaye Problem asks whether any biregular embedding of affine spaces $A^m_k\to A^n_k$ can be rectified, that is, is equivalent to a linear embedding up to an automorphism of the target space. Here we study this problem for…

Let $\Bbb Z$ and $\Bbb N$ be the set of integers and the set of positive integers, respectively. For $a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_k,n\in\Bbb N$ let $N(a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_k;n)$ be the number of representations of $n$ by…

Tropical algebra emerges in many fields of mathematics such as algebraic geometry, mathematical physics and combinatorial optimization. In part, its importance is related to the fact that it makes various parameters of mathematical objects…

Presented are polynomial identities which imply generalizations of Euler and Rogers--Ramanujan identities. Both sides of the identities can be interpreted as generating functions of certain restricted partitions. We prove the identities by…

Two very closely related Rahman polynomials are constructed explicitly as the left eigenvectors of certain multi-dimensional discrete time Markov chain operators $K_n^{(i)}({\boldsymbol x},{\boldsymbol y};N)$, $i=1,2$. They are convolutions…

Generalized $m$-gonal numbers are those $p_m(x)= [ (m - 2)x^2 - (m - 4)x ]/2 $ where $x$ and $m$ are integers with $m \geq 3$. If any nonnegative integer can be written in the form $ap_r(h)+bp_s(l)+cp_t(m)+dp_u(n)$, where $a,b,c,d$ are…

We present topics in the Langlands Program to graduate students and a wider mathematically mature audience. We study both global and local aspects in characteristic zero as well as characteristic $p$. We look at modern approaches to the…

Let $p$ be a polynomial in several non-commuting variables with coefficients in a field $K$ of arbitrary characteristic. It has been conjectured that for any $n$, for $p$ multilinear, the image of $p$ evaluated on the set $M_n(K)$ of $n$ by…