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Large language models (LLMs) demand significant memory and computation resources. Wafer-scale chips (WSCs) provide high computation power and die-to-die (D2D) bandwidth but face a unique trade-off between on-chip memory and compute…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Huizheng Wang , Taiquan Wei , Zichuan Wang , Dingcheng Jiang , Qize Yang , Jiaxin Liu , Jingxiang Hou , Chao Li , Jinyi Deng , Yang Hu , Shouyi Yin

Recent advancements in generative artificial intelligence have introduced groundbreaking approaches to innovating next-generation semantic communication, which prioritizes conveying the meaning of a message rather than merely transmitting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Achintha Wijesinghe , Weiwei Wang , Suchinthaka Wanninayaka , Songyang Zhang , Zhi Ding

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have popularized test-time scaling, where models generate additional reasoning tokens before producing final answers. These approaches have demonstrated significant performance improvements on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Wenxun Wu , Yuanyang Li , Guhan Chen , Linyue Wang , Hongyang Chen

The surge of artificial intelligence, particularly large language models, has driven the rapid development of large-scale machine learning clusters. Executing distributed models on these clusters is often constrained by communication…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-15 William Won , Midhilesh Elavazhagan , Sudarshan Srinivasan , Swati Gupta , Tushar Krishna

Unsupervised neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) enables learning powerful solvers without access to ground-truth solutions. Existing approaches fall into two disjoint paradigms: models trained for generalization across instances, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yiqiao Liao , Farinaz Koushanfar , Parinaz Naghizadeh

Communication bottlenecks and the presence of stragglers pose significant challenges in distributed learning (DL). To deal with these challenges, recent advances leverage unbiased compression functions and gradient coding. However, the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Chengxi Li , Ming Xiao , Mikael Skoglund

As parallel computing trends towards the exascale, scientific data produced by high-fidelity simulations are growing increasingly massive. For instance, a simulation on a three-dimensional spatial grid with 512 points per dimension that…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2017-01-05 Woody Austin , Grey Ballard , Tamara G. Kolda

Federated Learning (FL) solves many of this decade's concerns regarding data privacy and computation challenges. FL ensures no data leaves its source as the model is trained at where the data resides. However, FL comes with its own set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Srikanth Chandar , Pravin Chandran , Raghavendra Bhat , Avinash Chakravarthi

Providing extensive context via prompting is vital for leveraging the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, lengthy contexts significantly increase inference latency, as the computational cost of self-attention grows…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Guojie Liu , Yiqi Wang , Yanfeng Yang , Wenqi Fan , Songlei Jian , Jianfeng Zhang , Jie Yu

This paper presents a novel pre-trained language models (PLM) compression approach based on the matrix product operator (short as MPO) from quantum many-body physics. It can decompose an original matrix into central tensors (containing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Peiyu Liu , Ze-Feng Gao , Wayne Xin Zhao , Z. Y. Xie , Zhong-Yi Lu , Ji-Rong Wen

With the increasing scale of machine learning tasks, it has become essential to reduce the communication between computing nodes. Early work on gradient compression focused on the bottleneck between CPUs and GPUs, but…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-18 Sarit Khirirat , Sindri Magnússon , Arda Aytekin , Mikael Johansson

Communication efficiency in federated learning (FL) remains a critical challenge for resource-constrained environments. While prototype-based FL reduces communication overhead by sharing class prototypes-mean activations in the penultimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Gyuejeong Lee , Daeyoung Choi

Adapting large AI models (LAMs) to personalized edge data is challenging because wireless devices have limited memory, computation, and uplink capacity. Federated fine-tuning preserves data privacy but still requires each device to host the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xianke Qiang , Zheng Chang , Li Wang , Ying-Chang Liang

Federated Learning allows multiple parties to jointly train a deep learning model on their combined data, without any of the participants having to reveal their local data to a centralized server. This form of privacy-preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Felix Sattler , Simon Wiedemann , Klaus-Robert Müller , Wojciech Samek

Transformer-based models are becoming deeper and larger recently. For better scalability, an underlying training solution in industry is to split billions of parameters (tensors) into many tasks and then run them across homogeneous…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Zhigang Wang , Xu Zhang , Ning Wang , Chuanfei Xu , Jie Nie , Zhiqiang Wei , Yu Gu , Ge Yu

In this paper, a communication-efficient multi-processor compressed sensing framework based on the approximate message passing algorithm is proposed. We perform lossy compression on the data being communicated between processors, resulting…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-01-19 Puxiao Han , Junan Zhu , Ruixin Niu , Dror Baron

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful paradigm in Embodied AI. However, the significant computational overhead of processing redundant visual tokens remains a critical bottleneck for real-time robotic deployment.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Juntao Gao , Feiyang Ye , Jing Zhang , Wenjing Qian

Information compression is essential to reduce communication cost in distributed optimization over peer-to-peer networks. This paper proposes a communication-efficient linearly convergent distributed (COLD) algorithm to solve strongly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-17 Jiaqi Zhang , Keyou You , Lihua Xie

The proliferation of artificial intelligence applications on edge devices necessitates efficient transport protocols that leverage multi-homed connectivity across heterogeneous networks. While Multipath TCP enables bandwidth aggregation,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Zongyuan Zhang , Tianyang Duan , Liang Wang , Zihan Fang , Zheng Lin , Yijun Lu , Jiening Wu , Xia Du , Miao Yang , Zhe Chen , Heming Cui , Jun Luo

Training and inference of Large Language Models (LLMs) with tensor-parallelism requires substantial communication to synchronize activations. Our findings suggest that with a few minor adjustments to current practices, LLMs can be trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Itay Lamprecht , Asaf Karnieli , Yair Hanani , Niv Giladi , Daniel Soudry