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Optimizing distributed learning systems is an art of balancing between computation and communication. There have been two lines of research that try to deal with slower networks: {\em communication compression} for low bandwidth networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Hanlin Tang , Shaoduo Gan , Ce Zhang , Tong Zhang , Ji Liu

With the emergence of large model-based agents, widely adopted transformer-based architectures inevitably produce excessively long token embeddings for transmission, which may result in high bandwidth overhead, increased power consumption…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Junhe Zhang , Wanli Ni , Pengwei Wang , Dongyu Wang

Gradient compression alleviates expensive communication in distributed deep learning by sending fewer values and its corresponding indices, typically via Allgather (AG). Training with high compression ratio (CR) achieves high accuracy like…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Sahil Tyagi , Martin Swany

Sparse tensors appear frequently in distributed deep learning, either as a direct artifact of the deep neural network's gradients, or as a result of an explicit sparsification process. Existing communication primitives are agnostic to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Kelly Kostopoulou , Hang Xu , Aritra Dutta , Xin Li , Alexandros Ntoulas , Panos Kalnis

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems employ a large number of antennas to achieve gains in capacity, spectral efficiency, and energy efficiency. However, the large antenna array also incurs substantial storage and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Yuanwei Zhang , Ya-Nan Zhu , Xiaoqun Zhang

Large-scale transformers are central to modern semantic communication, yet their high computational and communication costs hinder deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. This paper introduces a training-free framework for adaptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Omar Erak , Omar Alhussein , Hatem Abou-Zeid , Mehdi Bennis , Sami Muhaidat

Pipeline-parallel distributed optimization is essential for large-scale machine learning but is challenged by significant communication overhead from transmitting high-dimensional activations and gradients between workers. Existing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-24 Boao Kong , Xu Huang , Yuqi Xu , Yixuan Liang , Bin Wang , Kun Yuan

Transformer-based document cross-encoder rerankers are a central component of modern information retrieval systems. Despite their success, these models suffer from high computational costs due to processing long query-document sequences at…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Shengyao Zhuang , Zhichao Xu , Ivano Lauriola

Communication has emerged as a critical bottleneck in the distributed training of large language models (LLMs). While numerous approaches have been proposed to reduce communication overhead, the potential of lossless compression has…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Wenxiang Lin , Xinglin Pan , Ruibo Fan , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu

Recent vision architectures and self-supervised training methods enable vision models that are extremely accurate and general, but come with massive parameter and computational costs. In practical settings, such as camera traps, users have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Denis Kuznedelev , Soroush Tabesh , Kimia Noorbakhsh , Elias Frantar , Sara Beery , Eldar Kurtic , Dan Alistarh

Prompt engineering can significantly improve the performance of large language models (LLMs), with automated prompt optimization (APO) gaining significant attention due to the time-consuming and laborious nature of manual prompt design.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Wenxin Luo , Weirui Wang , Xiaopeng Li , Weibo Zhou , Pengyue Jia , Xiangyu Zhao

We propose and study a new class of gradient communication mechanisms for communication-efficient training -- three point compressors (3PC) -- as well as efficient distributed nonconvex optimization algorithms that can take advantage of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Peter Richtárik , Igor Sokolov , Ilyas Fatkhullin , Elnur Gasanov , Zhize Li , Eduard Gorbunov

The ever-increasing sizes of large language models necessitate distributed solutions for fast inference that exploit multi-dimensional parallelism, where computational loads are split across various accelerators such as GPU clusters.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Qingyuan Li , Bo Zhang , Liang Ye , Yifan Zhang , Wei Wu , Yerui Sun , Lin Ma , Yuchen Xie

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various application domains, but their enormous sizes and computational demands pose significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. To…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Kai Zhang , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

There is often variation in the shape and size of input data used for deep learning. In many cases, such data can be represented using tensors with non-uniform shapes, or ragged tensors. Due to limited and non-portable support for efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Pratik Fegade , Tianqi Chen , Phillip B. Gibbons , Todd C. Mowry

The quadratic complexity of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with respect to context length poses significant computational and memory challenges, hindering their real-world deployment. In the paper, we devise a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yuhang Han , Xuyang Liu , Zihan Zhang , Pengxiang Ding , Junjie Chen , Donglin Wang , Honggang Chen , Qingsen Yan , Siteng Huang

The rapid growth in the size of large language models has necessitated the partitioning of computational workloads across accelerators such as GPUs, TPUs, and NPUs. However, these parallelization strategies incur substantial data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Rezaul Karim , Austin Wen , Wang Zongzuo , Weiwei Zhang , Yang Liu , Walid Ahmed

Tensor decomposition (TD) is an important method for extracting latent information from high-dimensional (multi-modal) sparse data. This study presents a novel framework for accelerating fundamental TD operations on massively parallel GPU…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Andy Nguyen , Ahmed E. Helal , Fabio Checconi , Jan Laukemann , Jesmin Jahan Tithi , Yongseok Soh , Teresa Ranadive , Fabrizio Petrini , Jee W. Choi

Many real-world datasets are represented as tensors, i.e., multi-dimensional arrays of numerical values. Storing them without compression often requires substantial space, which grows exponentially with the order. While many tensor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Taehyung Kwon , Jihoon Ko , Jinhong Jung , Kijung Shin

Foundation models have impressive performance and generalization capabilities across a wide range of applications. The increasing size of the models introduces great challenges for the training. Tensor parallelism is a critical technique…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Shenggan Cheng , Ziming Liu , Jiangsu Du , Yang You