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This paper obtains fundamental limits on the computational precision of in-memory computing architectures (IMCs). An IMC noise model and associated SNR metrics are defined and their interrelationships analyzed to show that the accuracy of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Sujan Kumar Gonugondla , Charbel Sakr , Hassan Dbouk , Naresh R. Shanbhag

Stochastic computing (SC) presents high error tolerance and low hardware cost, and has great potential in applications such as neural networks and image processing. However, the bitstream generator, which converts a binary number to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Yawen Zhang , Runsheng Wang , Xinyue Zhang , Zherui Zhang , Jiahao Song , Zuodong Zhang , Yuan Wang , Ru Huang

Sequence alignment is a fundamental process in computational biology which identifies regions of similarity in biological sequences. With the exponential growth in the volume of data in bioinformatics databases, the time, processing power,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Nasrin Akbari , Mehdi Modarressi , Alireza Khadem

Processing in memory (PIM) moves computation into memories with the goal of improving throughput and energy-efficiency compared to traditional von Neumann-based architectures. Most existing PIM architectures are either general-purpose but…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Oscar Castañeda , Maria Bobbett , Alexandra Gallyas-Sanhueza , Christoph Studer

Binary matrix-vector multiplication (BMVM) is a key operation in post-quantum cryptography schemes like the Classic McEliece cryptosystem. Conventional computing architectures incur significant energy efficiency loss due to data movement of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hao Yue , Yihao Chen , Tianhang Liang , Xiangrui Li , Xin Kong , Zhelong Jiang , Zhigang Li , Gang Chen , Huaxiang Lu

Memory management is necessary with the increasing number of multi-connected AI devices and data bandwidth issues. For this purpose, high-speed multi-port memory is used. The traditional multi-port memory solutions are hard-bounded to a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Narendra Singh Dhakad , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

Many convolutional neural network (CNN) accelerators face performance- and energy-efficiency challenges which are crucial for embedded implementations, due to high DRAM access latency and energy. Recently, some DRAM architectures have been…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Muhammad Shafique

This paper presents an analysis of the fundamental limits on energy efficiency in both digital and analog in-memory computing architectures, and compares their performance to single instruction, single data (scalar) machines specifically in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Patrick Bowen , Guy Regev , Nir Regev , Bruno Pedroni , Edward Hanson , Yiran Chen

The speed of modern digital systems is severely limited by memory latency (the ``Memory Wall'' problem). Data exchange between Logic and Memory is also responsible for a large part of the system energy consumption. Logic--In--Memory (LiM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Fabrizio Ottati , Giovanna Turvani , Marco Vacca , Guido Masera

Many performance critical systems today must rely on performance enhancements, such as multi-port memories, to keep up with the increasing demand of memory-access capacity. However, the large area footprints and complexity of existing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Hardik Jain , Matthew Edwards , Ethan Elenberg , Ankit Singh Rawat , Sriram Vishwanath

In recent years, Compute-in-memory (CiM) architectures have emerged as a promising solution for deep neural network (NN) accelerators. Multiply-accumulate~(MAC) is considered a {\textit de facto} unit operation in NNs. By leveraging the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-05 Dhandeep Challagundla , Ignatius Bezzam , Riadul Islam

We propose overcoming the memory capacity limitation of GPUs with high-capacity Storage-Class Memory (SCM) and DRAM cache. By significantly increasing the memory capacity with SCM, the GPU can capture a larger fraction of the memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Jeongmin Hong , Sungjun Cho , Geonwoo Park , Wonhyuk Yang , Young-Ho Gong , Gwangsun Kim

In this paper, we present a novel cache design based on Multi-Level Cell Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (MLC STTRAM) that can dynamically adapt the set capacity and associativity to use efficiently the full potential of MLC STTRAM. We exploit the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Amin Jadidi , Mohammad Arjomand , Mahmut T. Kandemir , Chita R. Das

We present shared-memory parallel methods for Maximal Clique Enumeration (MCE) from a graph. MCE is a fundamental and well-studied graph analytics task, and is a widely used primitive for identifying dense structures in a graph. Due to its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Apurba Das , Seyed-Vahid Sanei-Mehri , Srikanta Tirthapura

Deep Spiking Neural Networks are becoming increasingly powerful tools for cognitive computing platforms. However, most of the existing literature on such computing models are developed with limited insights on the underlying hardware…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Abhronil Sengupta , Maryam Parsa , Bing Han , Kaushik Roy

Solid-state storage architectures based on NAND or emerging memory devices (SSD), are fundamentally architected and optimized for both reliability and performance. Achieving these simultaneous goals requires co-design of memory components…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jay Sarkar , Vamsi Pavan Rayaprolu , Abhijeet Bhalerao

Computational intensity and sequential nature of estimation techniques for Bayesian methods in statistics and machine learning, combined with their increasing applications for big data analytics, necessitate both the identification of…

Computation · Statistics 2015-03-02 Alireza S. Mahani , Mansour T. A. Sharabiani

Deployment of modern TinyML tasks on small battery-constrained IoT devices requires high computational energy efficiency. Analog In-Memory Computing (IMC) using non-volatile memory (NVM) promises major efficiency improvements in deep neural…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Angelo Garofalo , Gianmarco Ottavi , Francesco Conti , Geethan Karunaratne , Irem Boybat , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

Recent research has sought to accelerate cryptographic hash functions as they are at the core of modern cryptography. Traditional designs, however, suffer from the von Neumann bottleneck that originates from the separation of processing and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Batel Oved , Orian Leitersdorf , Ronny Ronen , Shahar Kvatinsky

This paper presents the Neural Cache architecture, which re-purposes cache structures to transform them into massively parallel compute units capable of running inferences for Deep Neural Networks. Techniques to do in-situ arithmetic in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Charles Eckert , Xiaowei Wang , Jingcheng Wang , Arun Subramaniyan , Ravi Iyer , Dennis Sylvester , David Blaauw , Reetuparna Das