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Modelling musical structure is vital yet challenging for artificial intelligence systems that generate symbolic music compositions. This literature review dissects the evolution of techniques for incorporating coherent structure, from…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Keshav Bhandari , Simon Colton

We propose a novel symbolic music representation and Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) framework specially designed for symbolic multitrack music generation. The main theme of symbolic music generation primarily encompasses the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Jinlong Zhu , Keigo Sakurai , Ren Togo , Takahiro Ogawa , Miki Haseyama

We develop a model of musical rhythm and meter based on optimizing the trade-off between human psychological preferences for perceiving repeated patterns in time with a desire for variety and complexity. By mapping these competing…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-10 Robert St. Clair , Jesse Berezovsky

Song generation is regarded as the most challenging problem in music AIGC; nonetheless, existing approaches have yet to fully overcome four persistent limitations: controllability, generalizability, perceptual quality, and duration. We…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Tongxi Wang , Yang Yu , Qing Wang , Junlang Qian

Automatic Music Transcription has seen significant progress in recent years by training custom deep neural networks on large datasets. However, these models have required extensive domain-specific design of network architectures,…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Curtis Hawthorne , Ian Simon , Rigel Swavely , Ethan Manilow , Jesse Engel

The ability to automatically generate music that appropriately matches an arbitrary input track is a challenging task. We present a novel controllable system for generating single stems to accompany musical mixes of arbitrary length. At the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Marco Pasini , Maarten Grachten , Stefan Lattner

Deep learning models have become a critical tool for analysis and classification of musical data. These models operate either on the audio signal, e.g. waveform or spectrogram, or on a symbolic representation, such as MIDI. In the latter,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Léo Géré , Philippe Rigaux , Nicolas Audebert

Gesture-driven music generation is an emerging human-computer interaction paradigm for touch-free and expressive musical interaction. However, many existing approaches treat the task as isolated gesture classification or map gestures to…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Rathinaraja Jeyaraj , Barathi Subramanian , Kapilya Gangadharan , Anand Paul

In the heart of "rhythm games" - games where players must perform actions in sync with a piece of music - are "charts", the directives to be given to players. We newly formulate chart generation as a sequence generation task and train a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Jayeon Yi , Sungho Lee , Kyogu Lee

Discrete image tokenizers have emerged as a key component of modern vision and multimodal systems, providing a sequential interface for transformer-based architectures. However, most existing approaches remain primarily optimized for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Aram Davtyan , Yusuf Sahin , Yasaman Haghighi , Sebastian Stapf , Pablo Acuaviva , Alexandre Alahi , Paolo Favaro

Transformer is a successful deep neural network (DNN) architecture that has shown its versatility not only in natural language processing but also in music information retrieval (MIR). In this paper, we present a novel Transformer-based…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Yun-Ning Hung , Ju-Chiang Wang , Xuchen Song , Wei-Tsung Lu , Minz Won

Music stem generation, the task of producing musically-synchronized and isolated instrument audio clips, offers the potential of greater user control and better alignment with musician workflows compared to conventional text-to-music…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Shih-Lun Wu , Ge Zhu , Juan-Pablo Caceres , Cheng-Zhi Anna Huang , Nicholas J. Bryan

The field has made significant progress in synthesizing realistic human motion driven by various modalities. Yet, the need for different methods to animate various body parts according to different control signals limits the scalability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Zixiang Zhou , Yu Wan , Baoyuan Wang

In this work, we propose a symbolic music generation model with the song structure graph analysis network. We construct a graph that uses information such as note sequence and instrument as node features, while the correlation between note…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Seonghyeon Go , Kyogu Lee

Generating music has a few notable differences from generating images and videos. First, music is an art of time, necessitating a temporal model. Second, music is usually composed of multiple instruments/tracks with their own temporal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-06 Hao-Wen Dong , Wen-Yi Hsiao , Li-Chia Yang , Yi-Hsuan Yang

We consider a novel task of automatically generating text descriptions of music. Compared with other well-established text generation tasks such as image caption, the scarcity of well-paired music and text datasets makes it a much more…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Peining Zhang , Junliang Guo , Linli Xu , Mu You , Junming Yin

This paper investigates foundation models tailored for music informatics, a domain currently challenged by the scarcity of labeled data and generalization issues. To this end, we conduct an in-depth comparative study among various…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Minz Won , Yun-Ning Hung , Duc Le

We investigate the problem of modeling symbolic sequences of polyphonic music in a completely general piano-roll representation. We introduce a probabilistic model based on distribution estimators conditioned on a recurrent neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Nicolas Boulanger-Lewandowski , Yoshua Bengio , Pascal Vincent

Synthesizing human motion with a global structure, such as a choreography, is a challenging task. Existing methods tend to concentrate on local smooth pose transitions and neglect the global context or the theme of the motion. In this work,…

Although deep learning has advanced automated electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis, prevalent supervised methods typically treat recordings as undifferentiated one-dimensional (1D) signals or two-dimensional (2D) images. This formulation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Runze Ma , Caizhi Liao
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