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Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is widely used in front-end development and UI/UX design due to its scalability, editability, and rendering efficiency. However, turning creative ideas into precise vector graphics remains a time-consuming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Feiyu Wang , Zhiyuan Zhao , Yuandong Liu , Da Zhang , Junyu Gao , Hao Sun , Xuelong Li

Universal multimodal embedding models have achieved great success in capturing semantic relevance between queries and candidates. However, current methods either condense queries and candidates into a single vector, potentially limiting the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zilin Xiao , Qi Ma , Mengting Gu , Chun-cheng Jason Chen , Xintao Chen , Vicente Ordonez , Vijai Mohan

Text is ubiquitous in our visual world, conveying crucial information, such as in documents, websites, and everyday photographs. In this work, we propose UReader, a first exploration of universal OCR-free visually-situated language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Jiabo Ye , Anwen Hu , Haiyang Xu , Qinghao Ye , Ming Yan , Guohai Xu , Chenliang Li , Junfeng Tian , Qi Qian , Ji Zhang , Qin Jin , Liang He , Xin Alex Lin , Fei Huang

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in dealing with new tasks with the help of in-context learning (ICL). In the study of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), when implementing ICL, researchers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Ellen Yi-Ge , Jiechao Gao , Wei Han , Wei Zhu

We introduce SEE&TREK, the first training-free prompting framework tailored to enhance the spatial understanding of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMS) under vision-only constraints. While prior efforts have incorporated modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Pengteng Li , Pinhao Song , Wuyang Li , Weiyu Guo , Huizai Yao , Yijie Xu , Dugang Liu , Hui Xiong

Recent advances in vision-language models have significantly expanded the frontiers of automated image analysis. However, applying these models in safety-critical contexts remains challenging due to the complex relationships between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Muhammad Imran , Yugyung Lee

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have seen substantial progress in recent years. However, their ability to represent multimodal information in the acoustic domain remains underexplored. In this work, we introduce Vela, a novel…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ruofan Hu , Yan Xia , Minjie Hong , Jieming Zhu , Bo Chen , Xiaoda Yang , Minghui Fang , Tao Jin

While MLLMs perform well on perceptual tasks, they lack precise multimodal alignment, limiting performance. To address this challenge, we propose Vision Dynamic Embedding-Guided Pretraining (VDEP), a hybrid autoregressive training paradigm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Mingxiao Li , Fang Qu , Zhanpeng Chen , Na Su , Zhizhou Zhong , Ziyang Chen , Nan Du , Xiaolong Li

Mainstream Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve visual understanding by using a vision projector to bridge well-pretrained vision encoders and large language models (LLMs). The inherent gap between visual and textual modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jianting Tang , Yubo Wang , Haoyu Cao , Linli Xu

Contrastively-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have become the standard approach for learning discriminative vision-language representations. However, these models often exhibit shallow language understanding,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Ioanna Ntinou , Alexandros Xenos , Yassine Ouali , Adrian Bulat , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

The rapid advance of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed the development of Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Monolithic VLMs, which avoid modality-specific encoders, offer a promising alternative to the compositional ones but face the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Chenxin Tao , Shiqian Su , Xizhou Zhu , Chenyu Zhang , Zhe Chen , Jiawen Liu , Wenhai Wang , Lewei Lu , Gao Huang , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai

Current approaches to learning semantic representations of sentences often use prior word-level knowledge. The current study aims to leverage visual information in order to capture sentence level semantics without the need for word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Danny Merkx , Stefan Frank

We introduce spatially grounded contextual image generation, a controllable image generation task that reframes the conditioning paradigm. Instead of supplying a reference image and a global text prompt through two separate encoders, one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jiayun Wang , Yu Wang , Weijie Gan , Zhenting Wang , Wei Wei

Modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs) typically keep the language model fixed and train a visual projector that maps the pixels into a sequence of tokens in its embedding space, so that images can be presented in essentially the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hyun Lee , Hyemin Jeong , Yejin Kim , Hyungwook Choi , Hyunsoo Cho , Soo Kyung Kim , Joonseok Lee

Next-token prediction is the fundamental principle for training large language models (LLMs), and reinforcement learning (RL) further enhances their reasoning performance. As an effective way to model language, image, video, and other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zuyao Chen , Jinlin Wu , Zhen Lei , Marc Pollefeys , Chang Wen Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) rely on strong linguistic reasoning inherited from their base language models. However, multimodal instruction fine-tuning paradoxically degrades this text's reasoning capability, undermining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zijing Wang , Yongkang Liu , Mingyang Wang , Ercong Nie , Deyuan Chen , Zhengjie Zhao , Shi Feng , Daling Wang , Xiaocui Yang , Yifei Zhang , Hinrich Schütze

Real-world multimodal knowledge graphs (MKGs) are inherently heterogeneous, modeling entities that are associated with diverse modalities. Traditional knowledge graph embedding (KGE) methods excel at learning continuous representations of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Athanasios Efthymiou , Stevan Rudinac , Monika Kackovic , Nachoem Wijnberg , Marcel Worring

Incorporating multiple modalities into large language models (LLMs) is a powerful way to enhance their understanding of non-textual data, enabling them to perform multimodal tasks. Vision language models (VLMs) form the fastest growing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Shiqi He , Insu Jang , Mosharaf Chowdhury

The ability to accurately interpret complex visual information is a crucial topic of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Recent work indicates that enhanced visual perception significantly reduces hallucinations and improves…

Mixture of Vision Encoders (MoVE) has emerged as a powerful approach to enhance the fine-grained visual understanding of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), improving their ability to handle tasks such as complex optical character…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Mozhgan Nasr Azadani , James Riddell , Sean Sedwards , Krzysztof Czarnecki