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We give again the proof of several classical results concerning the cyclotomic approach to Fermat's last theorem using exclusively class field theory (essentially the reflection theorems), without any calculations. The fact that this is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-03-24 Georges Gras

The aim of this article is to give an elementary proof of the fact that the Schwarz-Pick Lemma follows from the Ahlfors-Schwarz-Pick Lemma.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Rafael Benjumea Cejas , Juan Carlos García Vázquez

We give a direct and elementary proof of the theorem on formal functions by studying the behaviour of the Godement resolution of a sheaf of modules under completion.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-11-29 Fernado Sancho , Pedro Sancho

We consider M systems (each an electron in a long square cylinder) uniformly arranged on a ring and with Coulomb interactions. Exact straightforward numerical time-dependent perturbation calculation of a single N-level ($\lesssim 7$)…

General Physics · Physics 2021-06-03 Michael J. Caola

In this expository note we give proof of the Weierstrass gap theorem in Cohomology terminology. We analyze gap sequence for finding possible gaps and non-gaps on X.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2022-06-30 V. V. Hemasundar Gollakota

This paper shows an elementary and direct proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, via Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem on Minima and the Binomial Formula, that avoids: any root extraction other than the one used to define the modulus…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2016-07-05 Oswaldo Rio Branco de Oliveira

In this continuation paper we will address the problem of tunneling. We will show how to settle this phenomenon within our classical interpretation. It will be shown that, rigorously speaking, there is no tunnel effect at all.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. S. F. Olavo

We consider Brouwer's fixed point theorem and Sperner's lemma in one dimension. We present a proof of the Brouwer theorem using the Sperner lemma, and vice versa. However, we also show that they are not equivalent, because the Sperner lemma…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-04 Junichi Minagawa

When introduced in a 2018 article in the American Mathematical Monthly, the omega integral was shown to be an extension of the Riemann integral. Although results for continuous functions such as the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus follow…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-03-28 C. Bryan Dawson , Matthew Dawson

We introduce a theorem proving algorithm that uses practically no domain heuristics for guiding its connection-style proof search. Instead, it runs many Monte-Carlo simulations guided by reinforcement learning from previous proof attempts.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Cezary Kaliszyk , Josef Urban , Henryk Michalewski , Mirek Olšák

We strengthen the Free Will Theorem, which proved the spontaneity of particles, based on the free will of the experimenter. The new result is unconditional, and does not require the experimenter's free will to prove the particles'…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-29 Simon Kochen

We expose here a short proof of Cramer's theorem in R based on convex duality.

Probability · Mathematics 2013-11-18 Raphael Cerf , Pierre Petit

In a recent paper we introduced a new framework for the study of call by need computations to normal form and root-stable form in term rewriting. Using elementary tree automata techniques and ground tree transducers we obtained simple…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-11-29 Irène Durand , Aart Middeldorp

It is shown theoretically that the speed of light cannot depend on direction.

General Physics · Physics 2011-03-15 Diego J. Castano , Lawrence C. Hawkins

The goal of the paper is to present two simple proofs of the Lagrange Inversion Formula for formal power series. Both proofs are non-external in the sense that they use concepts that do not go beyond the scope of formal power series…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Dominik Beck , Piotr Maćkowiak

The proof of Brouwer's fixed-point theorem based on Sperner's lemma is often presented as an elementary combinatorial alternative to advanced proofs based on algebraic topology. The goal of this note is to show that: (i) the combinatorial…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Nikolai V. Ivanov

In this note we investigate the Cheltsov--Rubinstein conjecture. We show that this conjecture does not hold in general and some counterexamples will be presented.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-07-11 Kento Fujita , Yuchen Liu , Hendrik Süß , Kewei Zhang , Ziquan Zhuang

We prove a power series ring analogue of the Dedekind-Mertens lemma. Along the way, we give limiting counterexamples, we note an application to integrality, and we correct an error in the literature.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2014-10-09 Neil Epstein , Jay Shapiro

A nonconstructive proof can be used to prove the existence of an object with some properties without providing an explicit example of such an object. A special case is a probabilistic proof where we show that an object with required…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-10-29 Andrei Rumyantsev , Alexander Shen

We show that there is a point on a computable arc that does not belong to any computable rectifiable curve. We also show that there is a point on a computable rectifiable curve with computable length that does not belong to any computable…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-06-17 Timothy H. McNicholl