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Embodied reasoning is inherently viewpoint-dependent: what is visible, occluded, or reachable depends critically on where the agent stands. However, existing spatial memory systems for embodied agents typically store either multi-view…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 JooHyun Park , HyeongYeop Kang

Reinforcement learning under partial observability requires deciding what information to retain, yet most memory-based approaches do not explicitly model short-term-to-long-term transfer of symbolic observations. We study this transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Taewoon Kim , Vincent François-Lavet , Michael Cochez

Long-horizon LLM agents require memory systems that remain accurate under fixed context budgets. However, existing systems struggle with two persistent challenges in long-term dialogue: (i) \textbf{disconnected evidence}, where multi-hop…

How much does a trained RL policy actually use its past observations? We propose \emph{Temporal Range}, a model-agnostic metric that treats first-order sensitivities of multiple vector outputs across a temporal window to the input sequence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Rodney Lafuente-Mercado , Daniela Rus , T. Konstantin Rusch

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable prowess in generating contextually coherent responses, yet their fixed context windows pose fundamental challenges for maintaining consistency over prolonged multi-session dialogues.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Prateek Chhikara , Dev Khant , Saket Aryan , Taranjeet Singh , Deshraj Yadav

Temporal knowledge graphs represent temporal facts $(s,p,o,\tau)$ relating a subject $s$ and an object $o$ via a relation label $p$ at time $\tau$, where $\tau$ could be a time point or time interval. Temporal knowledge graphs may exhibit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Jiaxin Pan , Mojtaba Nayyeri , Yinan Li , Steffen Staab

Current agentic frameworks underperform on long-horizon tasks. As reasoning depth increases, sequential orchestration becomes brittle, context windows impose hard limits that degrade performance, and opaque execution traces make failures…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Salaheddin Alzu'bi , Baran Nama , Arda Kaz , Anushri Eswaran , Weiyuan Chen , Sarvesh Khetan , Rishab Bala , Tu Vu , Sewoong Oh

Long-term memory is one of the key factors influencing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Model Agents (LLM Agents). Incorporating a memory mechanism that effectively integrates past interactions can significantly enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Haoran Sun , Shaoning Zeng

Many real-world graphs or networks are temporal, e.g., in a social network persons only interact at specific points in time. This information directs dissemination processes on the network, such as the spread of rumors, fake news, or…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Lutz Oettershagen , Nils M. Kriege , Christopher Morris , Petra Mutzel

Learning representations for graph-structured data is essential for graph analytical tasks. While remarkable progress has been made on static graphs, researches on temporal graphs are still in its beginning stage. The bottleneck of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Bowen Cao , Qichen Ye , Weiyuan Xu , Yuexian Zou

Temporal Knowledge Graph Completion (TKGC) under the extrapolation setting aims to predict the missing entity from a fact in the future, posing a challenge that aligns more closely with real-world prediction problems. Existing research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Kunze Wang , Soyeon Caren Han , Josiah Poon

The semantics and dynamics of `attention' are closely related to promise theoretic notions developed for autonomous agents and can thus easily be written down in promise framework. In this way one may establish a bridge between vectorized…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Mark Burgess

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on external memory to support long-horizon interaction, personalized assistance, and multi-step reasoning. However, existing memory systems still face three core challenges: they often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Shannan Yan , Jingchen Ni , Leqi Zheng , Jiajun Zhang , Peixi Wu , Dacheng Yin , Jing Lyu , Chun Yuan , Fengyun Rao

LLM-based conversational AI agents struggle to maintain coherent behavior over long horizons due to limited context. While RAG-based approaches are increasingly adopted to overcome this limitation by storing interactions in external memory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jiazhou Liang , Armin Toroghi , Yifan Simon Liu , Faeze Moradi Kalarde , Liam Gallagher , Scott Sanner

Multi-step retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a widely adopted strategy for enhancing large language models (LLMs) on tasks that demand global comprehension and intensive reasoning. Although many RAG systems incorporate a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chulun Zhou , Chunkang Zhang , Guoxin Yu , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Wai Lam , Mo Yu

Inferring missing facts in temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) is a fundamental and challenging task. Previous works have approached this problem by augmenting methods for static knowledge graphs to leverage time-dependent representations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Jiapeng Wu , Meng Cao , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung , William L. Hamilton

Research on link prediction in knowledge graphs has mainly focused on static multi-relational data. In this work we consider temporal knowledge graphs where relations between entities may only hold for a time interval or a specific point in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Alberto García-Durán , Sebastijan Dumančić , Mathias Niepert

Large language models (LLMs) deployed in user-facing applications require long-horizon consistency: the ability to remember prior interactions, respect user preferences, and ground reasoning in past events. However, contemporary memory…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Daivik Patel , Shrenik Patel

The statelessness of foundation models bottlenecks agentic systems' ability to continually learn, a core capability for long-horizon reasoning and adaptation. To address this limitation, agentic systems commonly incorporate memory modules…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yiming Xiong , Shengran Hu , Jeff Clune

Long-context LLMs and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems process information passively, deferring state tracking, contradiction resolution, and evidence aggregation to query time, which becomes brittle under ultra long streams…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kehao Zhang , Shangtong Gui , Sheng Yang , Wei Chen , Yang Feng