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There has been a significant focus on modelling emotion ambiguity in recent years, with advancements made in representing emotions as distributions to capture ambiguity. However, there has been comparatively less effort devoted to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Jingyao Wu , Ting Dang , Vidhyasaharan Sethu , Eliathamby Ambikairajah

The performance of a computer vision model depends on the size and quality of its training data. Recent studies have unveiled previously-unknown composition biases in common image datasets which then lead to skewed model outputs, and have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Yunliang Chen , Jungseock Joo

When humans judge the affective content of texts, they also implicitly assess the correctness of such judgment, that is, their confidence. We hypothesize that people's (in)confidence that they performed well in an annotation task leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Enrica Troiano , Sebastian Padó , Roman Klinger

Selecting an effective training signal for machine learning tasks is difficult: expert annotations are expensive, and crowd-sourced annotations may not be reliable. Recent work has demonstrated that learning from a distribution over labels…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Dustin Wright , Isabelle Augenstein

Speech quality assessment (SQA) aims to evaluate the quality of speech samples without relying on time-consuming listener questionnaires. Recent efforts have focused on training neural-based SQA models to predict the mean opinion score…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuto Kondo , Hirokazu Kameoka , Kou Tanaka , Takuhiro Kaneko

Human emotions can be inferred from facial expressions. However, the annotations of facial expressions are often highly noisy in common emotion coding models, including categorical and dimensional ones. To reduce human labelling effort on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Siwei Zhang , Zhiwu Huang , Danda Pani Paudel , Luc Van Gool

Annotators exhibit disagreement during data labeling, which can be termed as annotator label uncertainty. Annotator label uncertainty manifests in variations of labeling quality. Training with a single low-quality annotation per sample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Chen Zhou , Mohit Prabhushankar , Ghassan AlRegib

The development of real-time affect detection models often depends upon obtaining annotated data for supervised learning by employing human experts to label the student data. One open question in annotating affective data for affect…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Eda Okur , Sinem Aslan , Nese Alyuz , Asli Arslan Esme , Ryan S. Baker

Sentiment analysis, an increasingly vital field in both academia and industry, plays a pivotal role in machine learning applications, particularly on social media platforms like Reddit. However, the efficacy of sentiment analysis models is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Xiaoxia Zhang , Xiuyuan Qi , Zixin Teng

Emotions widely affect human decision-making. This fact is taken into account by affective computing with the goal of tailoring decision support to the emotional states of individuals. However, the accurate recognition of emotions within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Bernhard Kratzwald , Suzana Ilic , Mathias Kraus , Stefan Feuerriegel , Helmut Prendinger

Facial expression recognition (FER) in the wild is crucial for building reliable human-computer interactive systems. However, annotations of large scale datasets in FER has been a key challenge as these datasets suffer from noise due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Darshan Gera , S Balasubramanian

In recent years, there has been increased interest in building predictive models that harness natural language processing and machine learning techniques to detect emotions from various text sources, including social media posts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Sourabh Zanwar , Daniel Wiechmann , Yu Qiao , Elma Kerz

Aspect-term sentiment analysis (ATSA) is a longstanding challenge in natural language understanding. It requires fine-grained semantical reasoning about a target entity appeared in the text. As manual annotation over the aspects is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Xingyi Cheng , Weidi Xu , Taifeng Wang , Wei Chu

I present a tool which tells the quality of document or its usefulness based on annotations. Annotation may include comments, notes, observation, highlights, underline, explanation, question or help etc. comments are used for evaluative…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2011-11-08 Archana Shukla

Machine learning models are often evaluated using point estimates of performance metrics such as accuracy, F1 score, or mean squared error. Such summaries fail to capture the inherent variability induced by stochastic elements of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Christoph Lehmann , Yahor Paromau

Sentiment analysis is a crucial task that aims to understand people's emotional states and predict emotional categories based on multimodal information. It consists of several subtasks, such as emotion recognition in conversation (ERC),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Zaijing Li , Ting-En Lin , Yuchuan Wu , Meng Liu , Fengxiao Tang , Ming Zhao , Yongbin Li

The widespread adoption of automatic sentiment and emotion classifiers makes it important to ensure that these tools perform reliably across different populations. Yet their reliability is typically assessed using benchmarks that rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Ivan Smirnov , Segun T. Aroyehun , Paul Plener , David Garcia

Gradient-based explanation methods play an important role in the field of interpreting complex deep neural networks for NLP models. However, the existing work has shown that the gradients of a model are unstable and easily manipulable,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Zhenxiao Cheng , Jie Zhou , Wen Wu , Qin Chen , Liang He

In this paper, we focus on the challenge of individual variability in affective brain-computer interfaces (aBCI), which employs electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to monitor and recognize human emotional states, thereby facilitating the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jiahao Tang

Recent advances in neurosciences and psychology have provided evidence that affective phenomena pervade intelligence at many levels, being inseparable from the cognitionaction loop. Perception, attention, memory, learning, decisionmaking,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-09-30 Luis Paulo Reis , Daria Barteneva , Nuno Lau