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Despite advancements in Video Large Language Models (Vid-LLMs) improving multimodal understanding, challenges persist in streaming video reasoning due to its reliance on contextual information. Existing paradigms feed all available…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Zicheng Zhao , Kangyu Wang , Shijie Li , Rui Qian , Weiyao Lin , Huabin Liu

Temporal Awareness, the ability to reason dynamically based on the timestamp when a question is raised, is the key distinction between offline and online video LLMs. Unlike offline models, which rely on complete videos for static, post hoc…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Yifei Li , Junbo Niu , Ziyang Miao , Chunjiang Ge , Yuanhang Zhou , Qihao He , Xiaoyi Dong , Haodong Duan , Shuangrui Ding , Rui Qian , Pan Zhang , Yuhang Zang , Yuhang Cao , Conghui He , Jiaqi Wang

Benefiting from the advances in large language models and cross-modal alignment, existing multimodal large language models have achieved prominent performance in image and short video understanding. However, the understanding of long videos…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Haoji Zhang , Yiqin Wang , Yansong Tang , Yong Liu , Jiashi Feng , Xiaojie Jin

The rapid development of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has expanded their capabilities from image comprehension to video understanding. However, most of these MLLMs focus primarily on offline video comprehension, necessitating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Junming Lin , Zheng Fang , Chi Chen , Zihao Wan , Fuwen Luo , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Maosong Sun

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models have greatly improved visual understanding and reasoning, yet their quadratic attention and offline training protocols make them ill-suited for streaming settings where frames arrive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yulin Zhang , Cheng Shi , Sibei Yang

This paper presents FluxMem, a training-free framework for efficient streaming video understanding. FluxMem adaptively compresses redundant visual memory through a hierarchical, two-stage design: (1) a Temporal Adjacency Selection (TAS)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yiweng Xie , Bo He , Junke Wang , Xiangyu Zheng , Ziyi Ye , Zuxuan Wu

We present StreamBridge, a simple yet effective framework that seamlessly transforms offline Video-LLMs into streaming-capable models. It addresses two fundamental challenges in adapting existing models into online scenarios: (1) limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Haibo Wang , Bo Feng , Zhengfeng Lai , Mingze Xu , Shiyu Li , Weifeng Ge , Afshin Dehghan , Meng Cao , Ping Huang

Unlike offline processing, streaming video vision-language models face two fundamental constraints: causality and accumulation. Causality prevents access to future frames that offline methods exploit, while accumulation causes tokens to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xueyi Chen , Keda Tao , Kele Shao , Huan Wang

Despite rapid advancements in lifelong learning (LLL) research, a large body of research mainly focuses on improving the performance in the existing \textit{static} continual learning (CL) setups. These methods lack the ability to succeed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Soumya Banerjee , Vinay Kumar Verma , Vinay P. Namboodiri

Online streaming video understanding requires models to process continuous visual inputs and respond to user queries in real time, where the unbounded stream and unpredictable query timing turn memory management into a central challenge.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Hang Wu , Sherin Mary Mathews , Yujun Cai , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Yiwei Wang

Long-form video understanding remains challenging for Vision-Language Models (VLMs) due to the inherent tension between computational constraints and the need to capture information distributed across thousands of frames. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Junbo Zou , Ziheng Huang , Shengjie Zhang , Liwen Zhang , Weining Shen

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive multimodal comprehension capabilities and are being deployed in an increasing number of online video understanding applications. While recent efforts extensively explore advancing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Shengyuan Ye , Bei Ouyang , Tianyi Qian , Liekang Zeng , Mu Yuan , Xiaowen Chu , Weijie Hong , Xu Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly progressed in offline video understanding. However, applying these models to real-world scenarios, such as autonomous driving and human-computer interaction, presents unique…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Zhenpeng Huang , Xinhao Li , Jiaqi Li , Jing Wang , Xiangyu Zeng , Cheng Liang , Tao Wu , Xi Chen , Liang Li , Limin Wang

Long video understanding requires more than large context windows. It also needs a memory mechanism that decides what visual evidence to retain, keeps it searchable over long horizons, and grounds later reasoning in recoverable observations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Aiden Yiliu Li , Nels Numan , Anthony Steed

Spatial understanding is fundamental for embodied agents, yet most spatial VLMs and benchmarks remain offline-evaluating post-hoc QA over pre-recorded inputs and overlooking two crucial deployment-critical requirements: long-horizon…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Yuxi Wei , Wei Huang , Qirui Chen , Lu Hou , Xiaojuan Qi

Long-form video question answering (VQA) overwhelms current vision-language models (VLMs) because attention and key-value (KV) caches grow with runtime, forcing either expensive inference or near-sighted sliding windows. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Shrenik Patel , Daivik Patel

Vision agent memory has shown remarkable effectiveness in streaming video understanding. However, storing such memory for videos incurs substantial memory overhead, leading to high costs in both storage and computation. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Junxi Wang , Te Sun , Jiayi Zhu , Junxian Li , Haowen Xu , Zichen Wen , Xuming Hu , Zhiyu Li , Linfeng Zhang

Recent developments in Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) have enabled models to process hour-long videos and exhibit exceptional performance. Nonetheless, the Key-Value (KV) cache expands linearly over time, leading to substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Zhenyu Ning , Guangda Liu , Qihao Jin , Chengwei Li , Wenchao Ding , Minyi Guo , Jieru Zhao

Real-time, continuous understanding of visual signals is essential for real-world interactive AI applications, and poses a fundamental system-level challenge. Existing research on streaming video understanding, however, typically focuses on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Guowei Tang , Tianwen Qian , Huanran Zheng , Yifei Wang , Xiaoling Wang

Understanding continuous video streams plays a fundamental role in real-time applications including embodied AI and autonomous driving. Unlike offline video understanding, streaming video understanding requires the ability to process video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yibin Yan , Jilan Xu , Shangzhe Di , Yikun Liu , Yudi Shi , Qirui Chen , Zeqian Li , Yifei Huang , Weidi Xie