English

CacheFlow: Compressive Streaming Memory for Efficient Long-Form Video Understanding

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2025-11-18 v1

Abstract

Long-form video question answering (VQA) overwhelms current vision-language models (VLMs) because attention and key-value (KV) caches grow with runtime, forcing either expensive inference or near-sighted sliding windows. We introduce CacheFlow, a training-free pipeline that pairs Dynamic Token Dropping (DTD) with a compressive long-term memory. DTD prunes per-patch tokens online via cosine similarity to the previous frame, and surviving tokens are packed into fixed-size blocks. This online, per-frame processing makes our approach fundamentally suited for live streaming VQA. As blocks are processed, each one's keys are summarized by a tiny recurrent encoder to form a retrieval index, while the block's full KV pairs are offloaded and later rehydrated for generation, preserving answer fidelity. At inference, a consensus-based retrieval mechanism retrieves only the Top-K most relevant blocks and attends over both the retrieved and local context for precise, long-range reasoning. CacheFlow is drop-in, architecture-agnostic, and requires no fine-tuning. Experiments on both offline and streaming VQA benchmarks demonstrate that CacheFlow outperforms current strong baselines, while processing up to 87% less tokens. Our dual approach enables VLMs to be both efficient and context-aware, paving the way for practical long-form video understanding.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2511.13644,
  title  = {CacheFlow: Compressive Streaming Memory for Efficient Long-Form Video Understanding},
  author = {Shrenik Patel and Daivik Patel},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.13644},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T07:41:41.995Z