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Recent advances in meta-optics have enabled diverse functionalities in compact optical devices; however, conventional forward design approaches become inadequate as device complexity and scale grow. Inverse design offers a powerful…

As an increasingly powerful technique in integrated photonics, inverse design uses optimization algorithms to automatically create compact, high-performance photonic structures, often yielding non-intuitive layouts far more compact than…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-03 Junho Park , Taehan Kim , Mohammad Ali , Di Liang

Photochromic materials enable dynamic optical modulation through reversible transitions between distinct absorption states, with broad potential for smart windows, adaptive optics, and reconfigurable photonic devices. Micron-scale…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Bahrem Serhat Danis , Amin Tabatabaei Mohseni , Smagul Karazhanov , Esra Zayim

As the feature size of integrated circuits continues to decrease, optical proximity correction (OPC) has emerged as a crucial resolution enhancement technology for ensuring high printability in the lithography process. Recently, level…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-01 Xing-Yu Ma , Shaogang Hao

The random layer thickness variations can induce a great deformation of the experimental reflection of broadband extreme ultraviolet multilayer. In order to reduce this influence of random layer thickness fluctuations, the multiobjective…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 Shang-qi Kuang , Jian-bo Wang , Hai-gui Yang , Tong-lin Huo , Hong-jun Zhou

Inverse ellipsometry, i.e., reconstructing optical constants and film thickness from the measured phase difference $\Delta$ and amplitude ratio $\Psi$, is a fundamentally ill-posed problem. Traditional solutions rely on slow, expert-driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yiming Ma , Jianzhi Teng , Xinjie Li , Xin Sun , Zhiyong Wang , Yuzhou Song , Lionel Z. Wang , Bin Chen

The advent of two-dimensional metamaterials in recent years has ushered in a revolutionary means to manipulate the behavior of light on the nanoscale. The effective parameters of these architected materials render unprecedented control over…

Optics · Physics 2018-11-14 Zhaocheng Liu , Dayu Zhu , Sean P. Rodrigues , Kyu-Tae Lee , Wenshan Cai

Optical metasurfaces have been heralded as the platform to integrate multiple functionalities in a compact form-factor, potentially replacing bulky components. A central stepping stone towards realizing this promise is the demonstration of…

The development of metasurfaces has enabled unprecedented portability and functionality in flat optical devices. Spaceplates have recently been introduced as a complementary element to reduce the space between individual metalenses. This…

Optics · Physics 2022-01-26 Jordan T. R. Page , Orad Reshef , Robert W. Boyd , Jeff S. Lundeen

Flat lenses enable thinner, lighter, and simpler imaging systems. However, large-area and high-NA flat lenses have been elusive due to computational and fabrication challenges. Here, we applied inverse design to create a multi-level…

The Multi-Layer Thin Films Problem is a materials science problem that aims to enhance the reflectance of a metallic substrate by designing multi-layer coatings composed of different dielectric materials and thicknesses. While previous…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-22 Deniz Tuncer , Burak Kocuk

Deep learning (DL) has revolutionized many fields such as materials design and protein folding. Recent studies have demonstrated the advantages of DL in the inverse design of structural colors, by effectively learning the complex nonlinear…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-22 Sichao Shan , Han Ye , Zhengmei Yang , Junpeng Hou , Zhitong Li

Negative refraction is known to occur in materials that simultaneously possess a negative electric permittivity and magnetic permeability; hence they are termed negative index materials. However, there are no known natural materials that…

Metamaterials, known for their ability to manipulate light at subwavelength scales, face significant design challenges due to their complex and sophisticated structures. Consequently, deep learning has emerged as a powerful tool to…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-21 Shujie Yang , Xuzhe Zhao , Yuqi Zhang , Yansong Tang , Kaichen Dong

Text-to-image diffusion models have recently attracted the interest of many researchers, and inverting the diffusion process can play an important role in better understanding the generative process and how to engineer prompts in order to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Florinel-Alin Croitoru , Vlad Hondru , Radu Tudor Ionescu , Mubarak Shah

Electromagnetic absorbers combining ultrathin profiles with robust absorptivity across wide incidence angles are essential for applications such as stealth technology, wireless communications, and quantum computing. Traditional designs,…

Optics · Physics 2025-04-22 Eunbi Jang , Junghee Cho , Chanik Kang , Haejun Chung

Topological concepts open many new horizons for photonic devices, from integrated optics to lasers. The complexity of large scale topological devices asks for an effective solution of the inverse problem: how best to engineer the topology…

Optics · Physics 2018-03-09 Laura Pilozzi , Francis A. Farrelly , Giulia Marcucci , Claudio Conti

Recovering degraded low-resolution text images is challenging, especially for Chinese text images with complex strokes and severe degradation in real-world scenarios. Ensuring both text fidelity and style realness is crucial for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yuzhe Zhang , Jiawei Zhang , Hao Li , Zhouxia Wang , Luwei Hou , Dongqing Zou , Liheng Bian

We apply inverse design methods to produce two-dimensional triangular-lattice plasma metamaterial (PMM) devices which are then constructed and demonstrated experimentally. Finite difference frequency domain simulations are used along with…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-10-09 Jesse A. Rodriguez , Mark A. Cappelli

Advancements in generative models have enabled image inpainting models to generate content within specific regions of an image based on provided prompts and masks. However, existing inpainting methods often suffer from problems such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jun Huang , Ting Liu , Yihang Wu , Xiaochao Qu , Luoqi Liu , Xiaolin Hu