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Despite the robust security guarantees of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), its practical deployment is significantly challenged by the dynamic nature of quantum channels and the complexity of real-time parameter optimization. In this paper,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Noureldin Mohamed , Jawaher Kaldari , Saif Al-Kuwari

Timing optimization during global placement is critical for achieving optimal circuit performance and remains a key challenge in modern Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) design. As FPGA designs scale and heterogeneous resources increase,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 He Jiang , Yi Guo , Shikai Guo , Huijiang Liu , Xiaochen Li , Ning Wang , Zhixiong Di

Accurate and low-latency qubit state measurement is critical for trapped-ion quantum computing. While deep neural networks (DNNs) have been integrated to enhance detection fidelity, their latency performance on specific hardware platforms…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is considered a deciding component in enabling practical quantum computing. Stabilizer codes, and in particular topological surface codes, are promising candidates for implementing QEC by redundantly encoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Josias Old , Stephan Tasler , Michael J. Hartmann , Markus Müller

We propose a post-selection technique, based on quantum error detection, for quantum key distribution (QKD) systems that run over quantum repeaters with encoding. In such repeaters, quantum error correction techniques are used for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Yumang Jing , Daniel Alsina Leal , Mohsen Razavi

Entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, such as E91 and BBM92, offer strong information-theoretic security and are naturally suited for satellite-to-satellite QKD (SatQKD) links. However, implementing these protocols…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-27 Mohammad Taghi Dabiri , Mazen Hasna , Saif Al-Kuwari , Khalid Qaraqe

Time-tagging units and coincidence detectors are used in many scientific research fields. The required timing resolution and number of input channels are varying, but some emerging experiments in the field of quantum optics require up to 32…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-11-03 Attila Hidvegi

Quantum computing roadmaps predict the availability of 10,000 qubit devices within the next 3-5 years. With projected two-qubit error rates of 0.1%, these systems will enable certain operations under quantum error correction (QEC) using…

Entanglement is an essential ingredient in many quantum communication protocols. In particular, entanglement can be exploited in quantum key distribution (QKD) to generate two correlated random bit strings whose randomness is guaranteed by…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) stands as a pioneering method for establishing information-theoretically secure communication channels by utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics. In the security proof of QKD, the phase error rate…

Discrete time crystals are non-equilibrium phases of matter in periodically driven systems, characterized by robust subharmonic oscillations and broken discrete time-translation symmetry. Their long-lived coherent dynamics and resilience to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Rozhin Yousefjani , Shaikha Al-Naimi , Saif Al-Kuwari , Abolfazl Bayat

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for enabling quantum advantages, with decoding as a central algorithmic primitive. Owing to its importance and intrinsic difficulty, substantial effort has been made to QEC decoder design, among…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Ge Yan , Shanchuan Li , Yuxuan Du

This paper presents a low hardware consumption, resolution-configurable, automatically calibrating Gray code oscillator time-to-digital converter (TDC) in Xilinx 16nm UltraScale+, 20nm UltraScale and 28nm Virtex-7 field-programmable gate…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Yu Wang , Wujun Xie , Haochang Chen , David Day-Uei Li

Quantum computers face significant challenges from quantum deviations or coherent noise, particularly during gate operations, which pose a complex threat to the efficacy of quantum error correction (QEC) protocols. In this study, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Yuanchen Zhao , Dong E. Liu

The article discusses a key reconciliation protocol for quantum key distribution (QKD) systems based on Tree Parity Machines (TPM). The idea of transforming key material into neural network weights is presented. Two experiments were…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Matvey Yorkhov , Vladimir Faerman , Anton Konev

Connecting multiple smaller qubit modules by generating high-fidelity entangled states is a promising path for scaling quantum computing hardware. The performance of such a modular quantum computer is highly dependent on the quality and…

Precise time synchronisation underpins critical infrastructure from telecommunications and financial markets to power grids and scientific metrology. Several families of quantum protocols have been proposed and demonstrated for clock…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Michal Krelina , Utku Tefek , Zeki C. Seskir , Kadir Durak

The efficient decomposition of multi-controlled gates is a significant factor in quantum compiling, both in circuit depth and T-gate count. Recent work has demonstrated that qudits have the potential to reduce resource requirements from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-09 Michael Hanks , M. S. Kim

Many physical systems considered promising qubit candidates are not, in fact, two-level systems. Such systems can leak out of the preferred computational states, leading to errors on any qubits that interact with leaked qubits. Without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-09 Austin G. Fowler

As quantum computing moves toward fault-tolerant architectures, quantum error correction (QEC) decoder performance is increasingly critical for scalability. Understanding the impact of transitioning from floating-point software to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Francisco Garcia-Herrero , Javier Valls , Llanos Vergara-Picazo , Vicente Torres