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A well known theorem of Kuratowski in 1932 states that a graph is planar if, and only if, it does not contain a subdivision of $K_5$ or $K_{3,3}$. Wagner proved in 1937 that if a graph other than $K_5$ does not contain any subdivision of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-22 Dawei He , Yan Wang , Xingxing Yu

Szemer\'edi's regularity lemma is a basic tool in graph theory, and also plays an important role in additive combinatorics, most notably in proving Szemer\'edi's theorem on arithmetic progressions . In this note we revisit this lemma from…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Terence Tao

The celebrated Erd\H{o}s-Hajnal Conjecture says that in any proper hereditary class of finite graphs we are guaranteed to have a clique or anti-clique of size $n^c$, which is a much better bound than the logarithmic size that is provided by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Leonardo N. Coregliano , Maryanthe Malliaris

Cheeger's fundamental inequality states that any edge-weighted graph has a vertex subset $S$ such that its expansion (a.k.a. conductance) is bounded as follows: \[ \phi(S) \defeq \frac{w(S,\bar{S})}{\min \set{w(S), w(\bar{S})}} \leq…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Anand Louis , Prasad Raghavendra , Prasad Tetali , Santosh Vempala

The Bollob\'as--Nikiforov conjecture asserts that for any graph $G \neq K_n$ with $m$ edges and clique number $\omega(G)$, \[ \lambda_1^2(G) + \lambda_2^2(G) \;\leq\; 2\!\left(1 - \frac{1}{\omega(G)}\right)m, \] where $\lambda_1(G) \geq…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Piero Giacomelli

Let $r,k,\ell$ be integers such that $0\le\ell\le\binom{k}{r}$. Given a large $r$-uniform hypergraph $G$, we consider the fraction of $k$-vertex subsets which span exactly $\ell$ edges. If $\ell$ is 0 or $\binom{k}{r}$, this fraction can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-22 Vishesh Jain , Matthew Kwan , Dhruv Mubayi , Tuan Tran

This survey paper deals with upper and lower bounds on the number of $k$-matchings in regular graphs on $N$ vertices. For the upper bounds we recall the upper matching conjecture which is known to hold for perfect matchings. For the lower…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-01-06 Shmuel Friedland

The Ramsey number $r(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum $N$ such that every red-blue coloring of the edges of the complete graph on $N$ vertices contains a monochromatic copy of $G$. Determining or estimating these numbers is one of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-02-02 Benny Sudakov

For integers $k\geq 1$ and $n\geq 2k+1$, the Kneser graph $K(n,k)$ is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-element subsets of $\{1,\ldots,n\}$ and whose edges connect pairs of subsets that are disjoint. The Kneser graphs of the form…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-11 Torsten Mütze , Jerri Nummenpalo , Bartosz Walczak

Consider the upper tail probability that the homomorphism count of a fixed graph $H$ within a large sparse random graph $G_n$ exceeds its expected value by a fixed factor $1+\delta$. Going beyond the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi model, we establish…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-02-01 Sohom Bhattacharya , Amir Dembo

Borrowing L\'aszl\'o Sz\'ekely's lively expression, we show that Hill's conjecture is "asymptotically at least 98.5% true". This long-standing conjecture states that the crossing number cr($K_n$) of the complete graph $K_n$ is $H(n) :=…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-12 József Balogh , Bernard Lidický , Gelasio Salazar

The paper is devoted to the problem of establishing right-convergence of sparse random graphs. This concerns the convergence of the logarithm of number of homomorphisms from graphs or hyper-graphs $\G_N, N\ge 1$ to some target graph $W$.…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-02-15 David Gamarnik

In this paper, we study the well-known Kohayakawa-Nagle-R{\"o}dl-Schacht (KNRS) conjecture, with a specific focus on graph subdivisions. The KNRS conjecture asserts that for any graph $H$, locally dense graphs contain asymptotically at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-12 Hao Chen , Yupeng Lin , Jie Ma

We prove a variant of the multidimensional polynomial Szemer\'edi theorem of Bergelson and Leibman where one replaces polynomial sequences with other sparse sequences defined by functions that belong to some Hardy field and satisfy certain…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-02-23 Nikos Frantzikinakis

A cornerstone theorem in the Graph Minors series of Robertson and Seymour is the result that every graph $G$ with no minor isomorphic to a fixed graph $H$ has a certain structure. The structure can then be exploited to deduce far-reaching…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-05 Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Robin Thomas , Paul Wollan

We study hypergraph discrepancy in two closely related random models of hypergraphs on $n$ vertices and $m$ hyperedges. The first model, $\mathcal{H}_1$, is when every vertex is present in exactly $t$ randomly chosen hyperedges. The premise…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-06 Aditya Potukuchi

Recently, Bollob\'as, Janson and Riordan introduced a family of random graph models producing inhomogeneous graphs with $n$ vertices and $\Theta(n)$ edges whose distribution is characterized by a kernel, i.e., a symmetric measurable…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-02-10 Bela Bollobas , Oliver Riordan

We give a simple and natural (probabilistic) construction of hypergraph regularization. It is done just by taking a constant-bounded number of random vertex samplings only one time (thus, iteration-free). It is independent from the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-30 Yoshiyasu Ishigami

A graph $G$ is said to have \textit{bandwidth} at most $b$, if there exists a labeling of the vertices by $1,2,..., n$, so that $|i - j| \leq b$ whenever $\{i,j\}$ is an edge of $G$. Recently, B\"{o}ttcher, Schacht, and Taraz verified a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Hao Huang , Choongbum Lee , Benny Sudakov

The Erd\H{o}s-S\'os Conjecture states that every graph with average degree exceeding $k-1$ contains every tree with $k$ edges as a subgraph. We prove that there are $\delta>0$ and $k_0\in\mathbb N$ such that the conjecture holds for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Bruce Reed , Maya Stein