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Can large language model agents develop industry-level mobile applications? We introduce \textbf{SWE-Bench Mobile}, a benchmark for evaluating coding agents on realistic software engineering tasks derived from a production iOS codebase.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Muxin Tian , Zhe Wang , Blair Yang , Zhenwei Tang , Kunlun Zhu , Honghua Dong , Hanchen Li , Xinni Xie , Guangjing Wang , Jiaxuan You

GUI agents hold significant potential to enhance the experience and efficiency of human-device interaction. However, current methods face challenges in generalizing across applications (apps) and tasks, primarily due to two fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yuchen Sun , Shanhui Zhao , Tao Yu , Hao Wen , Samith Va , Mengwei Xu , Yuanchun Li , Chongyang Zhang

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) marks a paradigm shift toward autonomous spatial analysis. However, evaluating these LLM-based agents remains challenging due to the complex,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Bo Yu , Cheng Yang , Dongyang Hou , Chengfu Liu , Jiayao Liu , Chi Wang , Zhiming Zhang , Haifeng Li , Wentao Yang

Proactive agents that anticipate user needs and autonomously execute tasks hold great promise as digital assistants, yet the lack of realistic user simulation frameworks hinders their development. Existing approaches model apps as flat…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Deepak Nathani , Cheng Zhang , Chang Huan , Jiaming Shan , Yinfei Yang , Alkesh Patel , Zhe Gan , William Yang Wang , Michael Saxon , Xin Eric Wang

Role-Playing Agent (RPA) is an increasingly popular type of LLM Agent that simulates human-like behaviors in a variety of tasks. However, evaluating RPAs is challenging due to diverse task requirements and agent designs. This paper proposes…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Chaoran Chen , Bingsheng Yao , Ruishi Zou , Wenyue Hua , Weimin Lyu , Yanfang Ye , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Dakuo Wang

Dashboards are powerful visualization tools for data-driven decision-making, integrating multiple interactive views that allow users to explore, filter, and navigate data. Unlike static charts, dashboards support rich interactivity, which…

Graphical User Interface (GUI) Agents have emerged as a transformative paradigm in human-computer interaction, evolving from rule-based automation scripts to sophisticated AI-driven systems capable of understanding and executing complex…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Fei Tang , Haolei Xu , Hang Zhang , Siqi Chen , Xingyu Wu , Yongliang Shen , Wenqi Zhang , Guiyang Hou , Zeqi Tan , Yuchen Yan , Kaitao Song , Jian Shao , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang

LLM-powered agents are both a promising new technology and a source of complexity, where choices about models, tools, and prompting can affect their usefulness. While numerous benchmarks measure agent accuracy across domains, they mostly…

VLM-based mobile agents are increasingly popular due to their capabilities to interact with smartphone GUIs and XML-structured texts and to complete daily tasks. However, existing online benchmarks struggle with obtaining stable reward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Weikai Xu , Zhizheng Jiang , Yuxuan Liu , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Yuanchun Li , Yunxin Liu , Bin Wang , Bo An

Autonomous agents that navigate Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) to automate tasks like document editing and file management can greatly enhance computer workflows. While existing research focuses on online settings, desktop environments,…

Recent advancements in Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have predominantly focused on training paradigms like supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL). However, the challenge of high-dynamic GUI environments remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Enqi Liu , Liyuan Pan , Zhi Gao , Yan Yang , Chenrui Shi , Yang Liu , Jingrong Wu , Qing Li

Autonomous agents that address day-to-day digital tasks (e.g., ordering groceries for a household), must not only operate multiple apps (e.g., notes, messaging, shopping app) via APIs, but also generate rich code with complex control flow…

The assurance of mobile app GUI has become increasingly important, as the GUI serves as the primary medium of interaction between users and apps. Although numerous automated GUI testing approaches have been developed with diverse…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Shengcheng Yu , Yuchen Ling , Chunrong Fang , Quan Zhou , Yi Zhao , Chunyang Chen , Shaomin Zhu , Zhenyu Chen

Exploratory GUI testing is essential for software quality but suffers from high manual costs. While Multi-modal Large Language Model (MLLM) agents excel in navigation, they fail to autonomously discover defects due to two core challenges:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yifei Gao , Jiang Wu , Xiaoyi Chen , Yifan Yang , Zhe Cui , Tianyi Ma , Jiaming Zhang , Jitao Sang

The rise of autonomous GUI agents has triggered adversarial countermeasures from digital platforms, yet existing research prioritizes utility and robustness over the critical dimension of anti-detection. We argue that for agents to survive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jiachen Zhu , Lingyu Yang , Rong Shan , Congmin Zheng , Zeyu Zheng , Weiwen Liu , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang , Jianghao Lin

With the rapid rise of large language models (LLMs), phone automation has undergone transformative changes. This paper systematically reviews LLM-driven phone GUI agents, highlighting their evolution from script-based automation to…

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have the potential to assist users in interacting with complex software (e.g., PowerPoint, Photoshop). While prior research has primarily focused on automating user actions through clicks and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Saelyne Yang , Jaesang Yu , Yi-Hao Peng , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Jae Won Cho , Yale Song , Juho Kim

In the field of MLLM-based GUI agents, compared to smartphones, the PC scenario not only features a more complex interactive environment, but also involves more intricate intra- and inter-app workflows. To address these issues, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Haowei Liu , Xi Zhang , Haiyang Xu , Yuyang Wanyan , Junyang Wang , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Chunfeng Yuan , Changsheng Xu , Weiming Hu , Fei Huang

Agentic AI systems are rapidly advancing toward real-world applications, yet their readiness in complex and personalized environments remains insufficiently characterized. To address this gap, we introduce PersonalHomeBench, a benchmark for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Manasa Bharadwaj , Yolanda Liu , InJung Yang , Sungil Kim , Nikhil Verma , KoKeun Kim , Kevin Ferreira , YoungJoon Kim

The rise of personal assistant agents, e.g., OpenClaw, highlights the growing potential of large language models to support users across everyday life and work. A core challenge in these settings is proactive assistance, since users often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Haoran Zhang , Luxin Xu , Zhilin Wang , Runquan Gui , Shunkai Zhang , Haodi Lei , Zihao He , Bingsu He , Chicheng Qin , Tong Zhu , Xiaoye Qu , Yang Yang , Yu Cheng , Yafu Li