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Smartphones bring significant convenience to users but also enable devices to extensively record various types of personal information. Existing smartphone agents powered by Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Zhixin Lin , Jungang Li , Shidong Pan , Yibo Shi , Yue Yao , Dongliang Xu

Next-generation AI must manage vast personal data, diverse tools, and multi-step reasoning, yet most benchmarks remain context-free and single-turn. We present ASTRA-bench (Assistant Skills in Tool-use, Reasoning \& Action-planning), a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zidi Xiu , David Q. Sun , Kevin Cheng , Maitrik Patel , Josh Date , Yizhe Zhang , Jiarui Lu , Omar Attia , Raviteja Vemulapalli , Oncel Tuzel , Meng Cao , Samy Bengio

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents, which autonomously operate on digital interfaces through natural language instructions, hold transformative potential for accessibility, automation, and user experience. A critical aspect of their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yuheng Lu , Qian Yu , Hongru Wang , Zeming Liu , Wei Su , Yanping Liu , Yuhang Guo , Maocheng Liang , Yunhong Wang , Haifeng Wang

Large language models have enabled agentic systems that reason, plan, and interact with tools and environments to accomplish complex tasks. As these agents operate over extended interaction horizons, their effectiveness increasingly depends…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yue Xu , Qian Chen , Zizhan Ma , Dongrui Liu , Wenxuan Wang , Xiting Wang , Li Xiong , Wenjie Wang

The rapid advancement of multimodal large language models has enabled agents to operate mobile devices by directly interacting with graphical user interfaces, opening new possibilities for mobile automation. However, real-world mobile tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Yuanyi Song , Heyuan Huang , Qiqiang Lin , Yin Zhao , Xiangmou Qu , Jun Wang , Xingyu Lou , Weiwen Liu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Jun Wang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang , Zhaoxiang Wang

Evaluating GUI agents presents a distinct challenge: trajectories are long, visually grounded, and open-ended, yet evaluation must be both accurate and interpretable. Existing approaches typically apply a single holistic judgment over the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuwen Zhai , Runze Li , Liang Wang , Nian Shi , Liwu Xu , Wei Zhang , Ran Lin , Bo Xu , Benlei Cui

Mobile Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents powered by multimodal large language models have demonstrated promising capabilities in automating complex smartphone tasks. However, existing approaches face two critical limitations: the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yiping Xie , Song Chen , Jingxuan Xing , Wei Jiang , Zekun Zhu , Yingyao Wang , Pi Bu , Jun Song , Yuning Jiang , Bo Zheng

The iPhone was introduced only a decade ago in 2007 but has fundamentally changed the way we interact with online information. Mobile devices differ radically from classic command-based and point-and-click user interfaces, now allowing for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-06-15 Julia Kiseleva , Maarten de Rijke

Graphical user interface (GUI) agents can substantially improve productivity by automating frequently executed long-latency tasks on mobile devices. However, existing evaluation benchmarks are still constrained to limited applications,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Yue Cao , Yingyao Wang , Pi Bu , Jingxuan Xing , Wei Jiang , Zekun Zhu , Junpeng Ma , Sashuai Zhou , Tong Lu , Jun Song , Yu Cheng , Yuning Jiang , Bo Zheng

A central bottleneck for phone-use agents is that controllable, reproducible environments covering real mobile behavior are hard to build at scale. Existing mobile-agent benchmarks have made important progress on evaluation, but they do not…

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents show great potential for enabling foundation models to complete real-world tasks, revolutionizing human-computer interaction and improving human productivity. In this report, we present OmegaUse, a…

On-device virtual assistants like Siri and Google Assistant are increasingly pivotal, yet their capabilities are hamstrung by a reliance on rigid, developer-dependent APIs. GUI agents offer a powerful, API-independent alternative, but their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Ho Fai Leung , Xiaoyan Xi , Fei Zuo

The development of high-quality datasets is crucial for benchmarking and advancing research in Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents. Despite their importance, existing datasets are often constructed under idealized conditions, overlooking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jingqi Yang , Zhilong Song , Jiawei Chen , Mingli Song , Sheng Zhou , linjun sun , Xiaogang Ouyang , Chun Chen , Can Wang

With advances in generative AI, there is now potential for autonomous agents to manage daily tasks via natural language commands. However, current agents are primarily created and tested in simplified synthetic environments, leading to a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Shuyan Zhou , Frank F. Xu , Hao Zhu , Xuhui Zhou , Robert Lo , Abishek Sridhar , Xianyi Cheng , Tianyue Ou , Yonatan Bisk , Daniel Fried , Uri Alon , Graham Neubig

Multimodal agents are making rapid progress on general computer-use tasks, yet existing benchmarks remain largely confined to browsers and basic desktop applications, falling short in professional software workflows that dominate real-world…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jiaxin Ai , Yukang Feng , Fanrui Zhang , Jianwen Sun , Zizhen Li , Chuanhao Li , Yifan Chang , Wenxiao Wu , Ruoxi Wang , Mingliang Zhai , Kaipeng Zhang

As LLM-based agents are increasingly deployed in real-life scenarios, existing benchmarks fail to capture their inherent complexity of handling extensive information, leveraging diverse resources, and managing dynamic user interactions. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Wei He , Yueqing Sun , Hongyan Hao , Xueyuan Hao , Zhikang Xia , Qi Gu , Chengcheng Han , Dengchang Zhao , Hui Su , Kefeng Zhang , Man Gao , Xi Su , Xiaodong Cai , Xunliang Cai , Yu Yang , Yunke Zhao

GUIs have long been central to human-computer interaction, providing an intuitive and visually-driven way to access and interact with digital systems. The advent of LLMs, particularly multimodal models, has ushered in a new era of GUI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Chaoyun Zhang , Shilin He , Jiaxu Qian , Bowen Li , Liqun Li , Si Qin , Yu Kang , Minghua Ma , Guyue Liu , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang , Qi Zhang

Autonomous agents for long-sequence Graphical User Interface tasks are hindered by sparse rewards and the intractable credit assignment problem. To address these challenges, we introduce GUI-Shepherd, a Process Reward Model that provides…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Cong Chen , Kaixiang Ji , Hao Zhong , Muzhi Zhu , Anzhou Li , Guo Gan , Ziyuan Huang , Cheng Zou , Jiajia Liu , Jingdong Chen , Hao Chen , Chunhua Shen

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled the development of mobile agents that can understand visual inputs and follow user instructions, unlocking new possibilities for automating complex tasks on mobile…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Ning Li , Xiangmou Qu , Jiamu Zhou , Jun Wang , Muning Wen , Kounianhua Du , Xingyu Lou , Qiuying Peng , Jun Wang , Weinan Zhang

We introduce GUI-360$^\circ$, a large-scale, comprehensive dataset and benchmark suite designed to advance computer-using agents (CUAs). CUAs present unique challenges and is constrained by three persistent gaps: a scarcity of real-world…

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