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It has always been difficult to balance the accuracy and performance of ISSs. RTL simulators or systems such as gem5 are used to execute programs in a cycle-accurate manner but are often prohibitively slow. In contrast, functional…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Xuan Guo , Robert Mullins

As the complexity of the scan algorithm is dependent on the number of design registers, large SoC scan designs can no longer be verified in RTL simulation unless partitioned into smaller sub-blocks. This paper proposes a methodology to…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-09-12 Bill Jason Tomas , Yingtao Jiang , Mei Yang

Witnessing the advancing scale and complexity of chip design and benefiting from high-performance computation technologies, the simulation of Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Circuits imposes an increasing requirement for acceleration…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Weijie Fang , Yanggeng Fu , Jiaquan Gao , Longkun Guo , Gregory Gutin , Xiaoyan Zhang

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on mobile devices faces the challenge of insufficient performance in smaller models and excessive resource consumption in larger ones. This paper highlights that mobile Neural Processing Units (NPUs)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zixu Hao , Jianyu Wei , Tuowei Wang , Minxing Huang , Huiqiang Jiang , Shiqi Jiang , Ting Cao , Ju Ren

Architectural simulation has become the critical bottleneck limiting design space exploration for high-performance computing systems. Modern GPUs and AI accelerators -- with hundreds to thousands of tightly-coupled components -- demand…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Wei-Fen Lin , Jen-Chien Chang , Yen-Po Chen , Zi-Yi Tai , Yu-Cheng Chang , Chia-Pao Chiang , Yu-Yang Lee , Yu-Jie Wan

There is a growing interest in custom spatial accelerators for machine learning applications. These accelerators employ a spatial array of processing elements (PEs) interacting via custom buffer hierarchies and networks-on-chip. The…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Gordon E. Moon , Hyoukjun Kwon , Geonhwa Jeong , Prasanth Chatarasi , Sivasankaran Rajamanickam , Tushar Krishna

Simulators are a primary tool in computer architecture research but are extremely computationally intensive. Simulating modern architectures with increased core counts and recent workloads can be challenging, even on modern hardware. This…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Rodrigo Huerta , Antonio González

Due to decelerating gains in single-core CPU performance, computationally expensive simulations are increasingly executed on highly parallel hardware platforms. Agent-based simulations, where simulated entities act with a certain degree of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Jiajian Xiao , Philipp Andelfinger , David Eckhoff , Wentong Cai , Alois Knoll

This paper explores the impact of simulator accuracy on architecture design decisions in the general-purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU) space. We perform a detailed, quantitative analysis of the most popular publicly available GPU…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Mahmoud Khairy , Jain Akshay , Tor Aamodt , Timothy G. Rogers

The growing demands in the training and inference of Large Language Models (LLMs) are accelerating the adoption of scale-up systems that extend server shared memory through the use of Compute Express Link (CXL)-based load/store…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Karan Pathak , David Atienza , Marina Zapater

General matrix/matrix multiplication (GEMM) is crucial for scientific computing and machine learning. However, the increased scale of the computing platforms raises concerns about hardware and software reliability. In this poster, we…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Shixun Wu , Yujia Zhai , Jiajun Huang , Zizhe Jian , Zizhong Chen

The current state of the art of Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping, or SLAM, on low power embedded systems is about sparse localisation and mapping with low resolution results in the name of efficiency. Meanwhile, research in this field…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Konstantinos Boikos , Christos-Savvas Bouganis

Large Language Model (LLM) inference requires substantial computational resources, yet CPU-based inference remains essential for democratizing AI due to the widespread availability of CPUs compared to specialized accelerators. However,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jingyao Zhang , Jaewoo Park , Jongeun Lee , Elaheh Sadredini

The burgeoning RISC-V ecosystem necessitates efficient verification methodologies for complex processors. Traditional approaches often struggle to concurrently evaluate functional correctness and performance, or balance simulation speed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Ruizhi Qiu , Yang Liu

Optimizing the performance of large language models (LLMs) on large-scale AI training and inference systems requires a scalable and expressive mechanism to model distributed workload execution. Such modeling is essential for pre-deployment…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Changhai Man , Joongun Park , Hanjiang Wu , Huan Xu , Srinivas Sridharan , Tushar Krishna

Particle accelerator modeling is an important field of research and development, essential to investigating, designing and operating some of the most complex scientific devices ever built. Kinetic simulations of relativistic, charged…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2024-05-02 Ryan T. Sandberg , Remi Lehe , Chad E. Mitchell , Marco Garten , Andrew Myers , Ji Qiang , Jean-Luc Vay , Axel Huebl

In previous work, we proposed a method for leveraging efficient classical simulation algorithms to aid in the analysis of large-scale fault tolerant circuits implemented on hypothetical quantum information processors. Here, we extend those…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-12 Daniel Puzzuoli , Christopher Granade , Holger Haas , Ben Criger , Easwar Magesan , D. G. Cory

Processing large numbers of key/value lookups is an integral part of modern server databases and other "Big Data" applications. Prior work has shown that hash table based key/value lookups can benefit significantly from using a dedicated…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Joshua Landgraf , Scott Lloyd , Maya Gokhale

The evaluation of new microprocessor designs is constrained by slow, cycle-accurate simulators that rely on unrepresentative benchmark traces. This paper introduces a novel deep learning framework for high-fidelity, ``in-the-wild''…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Shayne Wadle , Yanxin Zhang , Vikas Singh , Karthikeyan Sankaralingam

Scalable classical simulation of quantum circuits is crucial for advancing quantum algorithm development and validating emerging hardware. This work focuses on performance enhancements through targeted low-level and NUMA-aware tuning on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Ali Rezaei , Luc Jaulmes , Maria Bahna , Oliver Thomson Brown , Antonio Barbalace