Related papers: Rainbow formation: from Descartes to Venus
We report the direct observation of a novel type of rainbow caustic. In contrast to known examples, this caustic originates from a dissipative, stochastic process. We have observed this using cold ^{87}Rb atoms bouncing inelastically on an…
We describe the resonant interaction of an atom with a strongly focused light beam by expanding the field in multipole waves. For a classical field, or when the field is described by a coherent state, we find that both intensity pattern and…
The usual Einstein's equations is modified as a one parameter family of equations in the framework of rainbow gravity. In this paper we derive the modified Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) equations when the cosmological evolution of…
The data of 2012 transit of Venus are compared with the ones of 2004. The thickness of the atmosphere of Venus, its aureole and the effect of oblateness and other asphericities in the figure of the Sun are taken into consideration, as well…
How are the heavy elements formed? This has been a key open question in physics for decades. Recent direct detections of neutron star mergers and observations of evolved stars show signatures of chemical elements in the blue range of their…
The Cassini-Huygens mission measured the chemical abundances of the major components of Titan's atmosphere, and analyses of the data revealed several as-yet unexplained anomalies in the methane and hydrogen profiles. We model the…
We compute the spectral index of primordial perturbations in a rainbow universe. We allow the Newton constant $G$ to run at (super-)Planckian energies and we consider both vacuum and thermal perturbations. If the rainbow metric is the one…
Signs of lightning on Venus have long been sought, including by space missions and ground-based telescopes searching for optical flashes, plasma waves, or radio signatures. These efforts have yielded conflicting findings regarding the…
In diffraction catastrophes such as the rainbow the wave nature of light resolves ray singularities and draws delicate interference patterns. In quantum catastrophes such as the black hole the quantum nature of light resolves wave…
We investigate the tidal deformability of a superfluid neutron star. We calculate the equilibrium structure in the general relativistic two-fluid formalism with entrainment effect where we take neutron superfluid as one fluid and the other…
We show that the model of superfluid dark matter developed in Refs.~\cite{Khoury:2014tka,Berezhiani:2015bqa,Berezhiani:2015pia}, which modifies the Newtonian potential and explains the galactic rotational curves, can be unitarized by the…
The basic laws of geometrical optics can be deduced from energy-momentum conservation for electromagnetic waves, without other wave concepts. However, the concept of quanta is required; it arises naturally, hence such a hypothesis could…
Let $G$ be an edge-colored graph. The color degree of a vertex $v$ of $G$, is defined as the number of colors of the edges incident to $v$. The color number of $G$ is defined as the number of colors of the edges in $G$. A rainbow triangle…
We report Venus image observations around the two maximum elongations of the planet at June and October 2015. From these images we describe the global atmospheric dynamics and cloud morphology in the planet before the arrival of JAXA…
Project GRAND presents results on the atomic composition of primary cosmic rays. This is accomplished by determining the average height of primary particles that cause extensive air showers detected by Project GRAND. Particles with a larger…
The atmosphere of a transiting planet shields the stellar radiation providing us with a powerful method to estimate its size and density. In particular, because of their high ionization energy, atoms with high atomic number (Z) absorb…
In this note we examine the following random graph model: for an arbitrary graph $H$, with quadratic many edges, construct a graph $G$ by randomly adding $m$ edges to $H$ and randomly coloring the edges of $G$ with $r$ colors. We show that…
Atmospheric neutrinos produced by cosmic-ray interactions around the globe provide a beam for the study of neutrino properties. They are also a background in searches for neutrinos of astrophysical origin. Both aspects are addressed in this…
The scattering patterns near the primary rainbow of oblate drops are simulated by extending the vectorial complex ray model (VCRM) [1] to three-dimensional (3D) calculations. With the curvature of wavefront as intrinsic property of a ray,…
Planetary-scale waves are thought to play a role in powering the yet-unexplained atmospheric superrotation of Venus. Puzzlingly, while Kelvin, Rossby and stationary waves manifest at the upper clouds (65--70 km), no planetary-scale waves or…