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Understanding research papers remains challenging for foundation models due to specialized scientific discourse and complex figures and tables, yet existing benchmarks offer limited fine-grained evaluation at scale. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yelin Chen , Fanjin Zhang , Suping Sun , Yunhe Pang , Yuanchun Wang , Jian Song , Xiaoyan Li , Lei Hou , Shu Zhao , Jie Tang , Juanzi Li

Antibodies are crucial proteins produced by the immune system in response to foreign substances or antigens. The specificity of an antibody is determined by its complementarity-determining regions (CDRs), which are located in the variable…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-11 Cheng Tan , Zhangyang Gao , Lirong Wu , Jun Xia , Jiangbin Zheng , Xihong Yang , Yue Liu , Bozhen Hu , Stan Z. Li

We study the task of automatically finding evidence relevant to hypotheses in biomedical papers. Finding relevant evidence is an important step when researchers investigate scientific hypotheses. We introduce EvidenceBench to measure models…

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant effort has gone into developing ML-driven epidemic forecasting techniques. However, benchmarks do not exist to claim if a new AI/ML technique is better than the existing ones. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Ajitesh Srivastava , Tianjian Xu , Viktor K. Prasanna

Computational protein design, i.e. inferring novel and diverse protein sequences consistent with a given structure, remains a major unsolved challenge. Recently, deep generative models that learn from sequences alone or from sequences and…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-15 Igor Melnyk , Payel Das , Vijil Chenthamarakshan , Aurelie Lozano

The Genomic Foundation Model (GFM) paradigm is expected to facilitate the extraction of generalizable representations from massive genomic data, thereby enabling their application across a spectrum of downstream applications. Despite…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-06 Zicheng Liu , Jiahui Li , Siyuan Li , Zelin Zang , Cheng Tan , Yufei Huang , Yajing Bai , Stan Z. Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently exhibited remarkable reasoning capabilities, largely enabled by supervised fine-tuning (SFT)- and reinforcement learning (RL)-based post-training on high-quality reasoning data. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xinyu Zhu , Yihao Feng , Yanchao Sun , Xianzhi Du , Pingzhi Li , Olli Saarikivi , Yun Zhu , Yu Meng

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest health problem, especially in the current period of COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the unique membrane-destruction bactericidal mechanism, antimicrobial peptide-mimetic copolymers are paid more…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-12-09 Tianyu Wu , Yang Tang

Competitive programming benchmarks are widely used in scenarios such as programming contests and large language model assessments. However, the growing presence of duplicate or highly similar problems raises concerns not only about…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Han Deng , Yuan Meng , Shixiang Tang , Wanli Ouyang , Xinzhu Ma

Antibodies are canonically Y-shaped multimeric proteins capable of highly specific molecular recognition. The CDRH3 region located at the tip of variable chains of an antibody dominates antigen-binding specificity. Therefore, it is a…

Deep-learning survival models for electronic health record (EHR) data are hard to compare across papers because the upstream preprocessing step, which includes cohort definition, time discretisation, missingness handling, and censoring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Munib Mesinovic , Tingting Zhu

Medical data poses a daunting challenge for AI algorithms: it exists in many different modalities, experiences frequent distribution shifts, and suffers from a scarcity of examples and labels. Recent advances, including transformers and…

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) aims to generate potential drugs that can bind to a target protein and is greatly expedited by the aid of AI techniques in generative models. However, a lack of systematic understanding persists due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Haitao Lin , Guojiang Zhao , Odin Zhang , Yufei Huang , Lirong Wu , Zicheng Liu , Siyuan Li , Cheng Tan , Zhifeng Gao , Stan Z. Li

As models become increasingly sophisticated, conventional algorithm benchmarks are increasingly saturated, underscoring the need for more challenging benchmarks to guide future improvements in algorithmic reasoning. This paper introduces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yaoming Zhu , Junxin Wang , Yiyang Li , Lin Qiu , ZongYu Wang , Jun Xu , Xuezhi Cao , Yuhuai Wei , Mingshi Wang , Xunliang Cai , Rong Ma

Benchmarking has been the cornerstone of progress in computer vision, natural language processing, and the broader deep learning domain, driving algorithmic innovation through standardized datasets and reproducible evaluation protocols. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Mohamed Elrefaie , Dule Shu , Matt Klenk , Faez Ahmed

Training certifiably robust neural networks is an important but challenging task. While many algorithms for (deterministic) certified training have been proposed, they are often evaluated on different training schedules, certification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yuhao Mao , Stefan Balauca , Martin Vechev

Differentially private (DP) synthetic data generation is a promising technique for utilizing private datasets that otherwise cannot be exposed for model training or other analytics. While much research literature has focused on generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Shuaiqi Wang , Vikas Raunak , Arturs Backurs , Victor Reis , Pei Zhou , Sihao Chen , Longqi Yang , Zinan Lin , Sergey Yekhanin , Giulia Fanti

Optimizing scientific applications to take full advan-tage of modern memory subsystems is a continual challenge forapplication and compiler developers. Factors beyond working setsize affect performance. A benchmark framework that…

Performance · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Mahesh Lakshminarasimhan , Catherine Olschanowsky

Obtaining standardized crowdsourced benchmark of computational methods is a major issue in data science communities. Dedicated frameworks enabling fair benchmarking in a unified environment are yet to be developed. Here we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Zhen Xu , Sergio Escalera , Isabelle Guyon , Adrien Pavão , Magali Richard , Wei-Wei Tu , Quanming Yao , Huan Zhao

Accurate epidemic forecasting is crucial for public health response, resource allocation, and outbreak intervention, but remains difficult with sparse, noisy, and highly non-stationary data. Because epidemics unfold across interacting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Ruiqi Lyu , Alistair Turcan , Bryan Wilder