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Humans can perform complex tasks with long-term objectives by planning, reasoning, and forecasting outcomes of actions. For embodied agents to achieve similar capabilities, they must gain knowledge of the environment transferable to novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Shu Ishida

An agent facing a planning problem can use answers to how-to questions to reduce uncertainty and fill knowledge gaps, helping it solve both current and future tasks. However, their open ended nature, where valid answers to "How do I X?"…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Gautier Dagan , Frank Keller , Alex Lascarides

An important challenge in reinforcement learning is training agents that can solve a wide variety of tasks. If tasks depend on each other (e.g. needing to learn to walk before learning to run), curriculum learning can speed up learning by…

We present MineNPC-Task, a user-authored benchmark and evaluation harness for testing memory-aware, mixed-initiative LLM agents in open-world Minecraft. Rather than relying on synthetic prompts, tasks are elicited through formative and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Tamil Sudaravan Mohan Doss , Michael Xu , Sudha Rao , Andrew D. Wilson , Balasaravanan Thoravi Kumaravel

We study building multi-task agents in open-world environments. Without human demonstrations, learning to accomplish long-horizon tasks in a large open-world environment with reinforcement learning (RL) is extremely inefficient. To tackle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Haoqi Yuan , Chi Zhang , Hongcheng Wang , Feiyang Xie , Penglin Cai , Hao Dong , Zongqing Lu

It is a long-lasting goal to design an embodied system that can solve long-horizon open-world tasks in human-like ways. However, existing approaches usually struggle with compound difficulties caused by the logic-aware decomposition and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Yiran Qin , Enshen Zhou , Qichang Liu , Zhenfei Yin , Lu Sheng , Ruimao Zhang , Yu Qiao , Jing Shao

While large language model--powered agents can self-evolve by accumulating experience or by dynamically creating new assets (i.e., tools or expert agents), existing frameworks typically treat these two evolutionary processes in isolation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zihao Cheng , Zeming Liu , Yingyu Shan , Xinyi Wang , Xiangrong Zhu , Yunpu Ma , Hongru Wang , Yuhang Guo , Wei Lin , Yunhong Wang

Agent harness evolution improves frozen language-model agents by modifying the executable structures around them. We study this paradigm as a form of sample-efficient fast adaptation: instead of updating model weights, an agent can acquire…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Lirong Che , Yuzhe yang , Peiwen lin , Chuang wang , Xueqian wang , Jian su

World modeling is a crucial task for enabling intelligent agents to effectively interact with humans and operate in dynamic environments. In this work, we propose MineWorld, a real-time interactive world model on Minecraft, an open-ended…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Junliang Guo , Yang Ye , Tianyu He , Haoyu Wu , Yushu Jiang , Tim Pearce , Jiang Bian

Large language models (LLMs)-based code generation for robotic manipulation has recently shown promise by directly translating human instructions into executable code, but existing methods remain noisy, constrained by fixed primitives and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yuan Meng , Zhenguo Sun , Max Fest , Xukun Li , Zhenshan Bing , Alois Knoll

Learning rational behaviors in open-world games like Minecraft remains to be challenging for Reinforcement Learning (RL) research due to the compound challenge of partial observability, high-dimensional visual perception and delayed reward.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Zichuan Lin , Junyou Li , Jianing Shi , Deheng Ye , Qiang Fu , Wei Yang

Despite deep learning's success in chemistry, its impact is hindered by a lack of interpretability and an inability to resolve activity cliffs, where minor structural nuances trigger drastic property shifts. Current representation learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Xiangsen Chen , Ruilong Wu , Yanyan Lan , Ting Ma , Yang Liu

Sample inefficiency of deep reinforcement learning methods is a major obstacle for their use in real-world applications. In this work, we show how human demonstrations can improve final performance of agents on the Minecraft minigame…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Christian Scheller , Yanick Schraner , Manfred Vogel

Embodied agents can benefit from skills that guide object search, action execution, and state changes across diverse environments. Since embodied environments vary across layouts, object states, and other execution factors, these skills…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ruofei Ju , Xinrui Wang , Xin Ding , Yifan Yang , Hao Wu , Shiqi Jiang , Qianxi Zhang , Hao Wen , Xiangyu Li , Weijun Wang , Kun Li , Yunxin Liu , Haipeng Dai , Wei Wang , Ting Cao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the capacity of performing complex scheduling in a multi-agent system and can coordinate these agents into completing sophisticated tasks that require extensive collaboration. However, despite the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Ran Gong , Qiuyuan Huang , Xiaojian Ma , Hoi Vo , Zane Durante , Yusuke Noda , Zilong Zheng , Song-Chun Zhu , Demetri Terzopoulos , Li Fei-Fei , Jianfeng Gao

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable general capabilities, yet embodied agents built on them fail at complex tasks, often skipping critical steps, proposing invalid actions, and repeating mistakes. These failures arise from a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Bingqing Wei , Zhongyu Xia , Dingai Liu , Xiaoyu Zhou , Zhiwei Lin , Yongtao Wang

Long-term memory is essential for LLM agents that operate across multiple sessions, yet existing memory systems treat retrieval infrastructure as fixed: stored content evolves while scoring functions, fusion strategies, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Jiaqi Liu , Xinyu Ye , Peng Xia , Zeyu Zheng , Cihang Xie , Mingyu Ding , Huaxiu Yao

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) store vast amounts of pretrained knowledge but struggle to remain aligned with real-world updates, making it difficult to avoid capability degradation when acquiring evolving knowledge. Furthermore, most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Kailin Jiang , Yuntao Du , Yukai Ding , Yuchen Ren , Ning Jiang , Zhi Gao , Zilong Zheng , Lei Liu , Bin Li , Qing Li

Automated AI research holds great potential to accelerate scientific discovery. However, current LLMs often generate plausible-looking but ineffective ideas. Execution grounding may help, but it is unclear whether automated execution is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Chenglei Si , Zitong Yang , Yejin Choi , Emmanuel Candès , Diyi Yang , Tatsunori Hashimoto

Long-horizon embodied agents increasingly delegate navigation, search, approach, and manipulation to specialist executors. As these executors become stronger, the main bottleneck shifts from local skill execution to maintaining a coherent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Shuhan Guo , Kun Zhang , Haifei Liu , Xingyu Gao , Yongqi Zhang , Yaqing Wang , Quanming Yao