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In recent years, the number of satellites in orbit has increased rapidly, with megaconstellations like Starlink providing near-global, delay-sensitive communication services. However, not all satellite communication use cases have stringent…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ethan Fettes , Pablo G. Madoery , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Abhishek Naik , Stéphane Martel

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites play a crucial role in providing global connectivity for non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) and supporting various Internet-of-Remote-Things (IoRT) applications. Each LEO satellite functions as a relay node in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Jinho Choi

Non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication has garnered considerable attention from government entities, industries, and academia in recent times. NTN networks encompass a variety of systems, including Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Mahfuzur Rahman , Zoheb Hassan , Jeffrey H. Reed , Lingjia Liu

Designing optimal non-terrestrial network (NTN) constellations is essential for maximizing throughput and ensuring fair resource distribution. This paper presents FTA-NTN (Fairness and Throughput Assurance in Non-Terrestrial Networks), a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Sachin Ravikant Trankatwar , Heiko Straulino , Petar Djukic , Burak Kantarci

A mega-constellation of low-altitude earth orbit (LEO) satellites (SATs) and burgeoning unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are promising enablers for high-speed and long-distance communications in beyond fifth-generation (5G) systems.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Ju-Hyung Lee , Jihong Park , Mehdi Bennis , Young-Chai Ko

The integration of Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) with Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations into 5G and Beyond is essential to achieve truly global connectivity. A distinctive characteristic of LEO mega constellations is that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Fabio Saggese , Lintao Li , Petar Popovski

Scalability is a major challenge in non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) satellite networks due to the massive number of ground users sharing the limited sub-6 GHz spectrum. Using K- and higher bands is a promising alternative to increase the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Shashi Raj Pandey , Petar Popovski , Fabio Saggese , Beatriz Soret , Cedomir Stefanovic

Radio frequency (RF) communications offer reliable but low data rates and energy-inefficient satellite links, while free-space optical (FSO) promises high bandwidth but struggles with disturbances imposed by atmospheric effects. A hybrid…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-24 Mostafa Ibrahim , Arsalan Ahmad , Sabit Ekin , Peter LoPresti , Serhat Altunc , Obadiah Kegege , John F. O'Hara

In free-space optical satellite networks (FSOSNs), satellites can have different laser inter-satellite link (LISL) ranges for connectivity. Greater LISL ranges can reduce network latency of the path but can also result in an increase in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-11 Jintao Liang , Aizaz U. Chaudhry , Eylem Erdogan , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Peng Hu , Khaled Ahmed , Stephane Martel

In past years, non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) have emerged as a viable solution for providing ubiquitous connectivity for future wireless networks due to their ability to reach large geographical areas. However, the efficient integration…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Henri Alam , Antonio De Domenico , David López-Pérez , Florian Kaltenberger

This paper investigates energy-efficient inter-satellite communication in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) networks, where satellites exchange both buffered and newly generated data through half-duplex inter-satellite links (ISLs). Due to orbital…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Yomali Lokugama , Charith Dissanayake , Saman Atapattu , Kandeepan Sithamparanathan

Optical inter-satellite links (OISLs) improve connectivity between satellites in space. They offer advantages such as high-throughput data transfer and reduced size, weight, and power requirements compared to traditional radio frequency…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-07 Bodong Shang , Shuo Zhang , Zi Jing Wong

Recent studies have shown that satellite communication (SatCom) will have a fundamental role in the next generation non-terrestrial networks (NTN). In SatCom, radio-frequency (RF) or free-space optical (FSO) communications can be used…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-01 Olfa Ben Yahia , Eylem Erdogan , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Ibrahim Altunbas , Halim Yanikomeroglu

The integration of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations into 5G and Beyond is essential to achieve efficient global connectivity. As LEO satellites are a global infrastructure with predictable dynamics, a pre-planned fair and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Vineet Gala , Federico Chiariotti , Petar Popovski

In this paper, we propose a terrestrial-satellite network (TSN) architecture to integrate the ultra-dense low earth orbit (LEO) networks and the terrestrial networks to achieve efficient data offloading. In TSN, each ground user can access…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Boya Di , Hongliang Zhang , Lingyang Song , Yonghui Li , Geoffrey Ye Li

Large-scale deployments of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites collect massive amount of Earth imageries and sensor data, which can empower machine learning (ML) to address global challenges such as real-time disaster navigation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Jinhyun So , Kevin Hsieh , Behnaz Arzani , Shadi Noghabi , Salman Avestimehr , Ranveer Chandra

The integration of non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), which include high altitude platform (HAP) stations and intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) into communication infrastructures has become a crucial area of research to address the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Shunyuan Shang , Emna Zedini , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

The emergence of mega-constellations of interconnected satellites has a major impact on the integration of cellular wireless and non-terrestrial networks, while simultaneously offering previously inconceivable data gathering capabilities.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Nasrin Razmi , Bho Matthiesen , Armin Dekorsy , Petar Popovski

Non-geostationary (Non-GSO) satellite constellations have emerged as a promising solution to enable ubiquitous high-speed low-latency broadband services by generating multiple spot-beams placed on the ground according to the user locations.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Van Phuc Bui , Trinh Van Chien , Eva Lagunas , Joël Grotz , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Ottersten

Leveraging the advantage of satellite and terrestrial networks, the integrated satellite terrestrial networks (ISTNs) can help to achieve seamless global access and eliminate the digital divide. However, the dense deployment and frequent…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Ziyue Zhang , Min Sheng , Junyu Liu , Jiandong Li
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