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Related papers: Why (and How) LGADs Work: Ionization, Space Charge…

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The paper reports on the timing resolution achieved with Low-Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs), optimised for extreme-fluence conditions, at the DESY Test Beam Facility using 4~GeV/c electrons. The LGADs adopt an $n$-in-$p$ technology with a…

The performances of Low Gain Avalanche diode (LGAD) sensors from a neutron irradiation campaign with fluences of 0.8 x 10^15, 15 x 10^15 and 2.5 x 10^15 neq/cm2 are reported in this article. These LGAD sensors are developed by the Institute…

Low-Gain Avalanche Diodes are a type of silicon Avalanche Photo-Diodes originally developed for the fast detection of minimum ionizing particles in high-energy physics experiments. Thanks to their fast timing performance, the Low-Gain…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-02-07 Gabriele Giacomini , Wei Chen , Gabriele D'Amen , Enrico Rossi , Alessandro Tricoli

Low-Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) are characterized by a fast rise time (500 ps) and extremely good time resolution (down to 17 ps). The intrinsic low granularity of LGADs and the large power consumption of readout chips for precise…

Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) are silicon semiconductor sensors with an implanted thin p-doped multiplication layer that is designed to provide low gain. Most importantly, LGADs are specifically engineered to provide excellent…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-10-11 R. Moriya , R. Bates , M. Bullough , N. Cooke , A. Docheva , L. Lombigit , D. Maneuski , R. McFeely , N. Moffat

High-energy physics detectors, like Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) that will be used as fast timing detectors in the High Luminosity LHC experiments, have to exhibit a significant radiation tolerance. Thereby the impact of radiation…

This paper reports the last technological development on the Low Gain Avalanche Detector (LGAD) and introduces a new architecture of these detectors called inverse-LGAD (iLGAD). Both approaches are based on the standard Avalanche Photo…

The Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) are promising particle detectors for timing resolution better than $50$ ps under a high radiation environment. This study investigates n-in-p LGAD architecture, focusing on ultra-thin sensors of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-01-26 Jaideep Kalani , Saptarshi Datta , Ganesh J Tambve , Prabhakar Palni

Silicon-based fast time detectors have been widely used in high energy physics, nuclear physics, space exploration and other fields in recent years. However, silicon detectors often require complex low-temperature systems when operating in…

Low-Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) are fast silicon sensors with internal charge multiplication and are key candidates for precision timing layers in future high-energy hadron colliders. Their operation in harsh radiation environments,…

The 4H-SiC material exhibits good detection performance, but there are still many problems like signal distortion and poor signal quality. The 4H-SiC low gain avalanche detector (LGAD) has been fabricated for the first time to solve these…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-05-29 Sen Zhao , Keqi Wang , Kaibo Xie , Chenxi Fu , Chengwei Wang , Xin Shi , Congcong Wang

We characterized the front-end electronics used to process high-frequency signals from low-gain avalanche diodes (LGADs) at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility. LGADs are silicon detectors employed for charged particle tracking, offering…

This paper shows the simulation and test results of 50um thick Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGAD) sensors designed by the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) and fabricated by the Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of…

In this contribution, we present an innovative design of the Low-Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) gain layer, the p$^+$ implant responsible for the local and controlled signal multiplication. In the standard LGAD design, the gain layer is…

The properties of 50 um thick Low Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) detectors manufactured by Hamamatsu photonics (HPK) and Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) were tested before and after irradiation with 1 MeV neutrons. Their performance were…

Detectors that can simultaneously provide fine time and spatial resolution have attracted wide-spread interest for applications in several fields such as high-energy and nuclear physics as well as in low-energy electron detection, photon…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-01-29 Gabriele Giacomini , Wei Chen , Gabriele D'Amen , Alessandro Tricoli

The High Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD) will be installed in the ATLAS experiment as part of the Phase-II upgrade for the High Luminosity-Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). It will mitigate pile-up effects in the forward region, and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-02-02 A. Aboulhorma , M. Ait Tamlihat , H. M. Alfanda , O. Atanova , N. Atanov , I. Azzouzi , J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa , T. Beau , D. Benchekroun , F. Bendebba , G. Bergamin , Y. Bimgdi , A. Blot , A. Boikov , J. Bonis , D. Boumediene , C. Brito , A. S. Brogna , A. M. Burger , L. Cadamuro , Y. Cai , N. Cartalade , R. Casanova Mohr , R. Cherkaoui El Moursli , Y. Che , X. Chen , E. Y. S. Chow , L. D. Corpe , C. G. Crozatier , L. D'Eramo , S. Dahbi , D. Dannheim , G. Daubard , Y. Davydov , J. Debevc , Y. Degerli , E. Delagnes , F. Deliot , M. Dhellot , P. Dinaucourt , G. Di Gregorio , P. J. Dos Santos De Assis , C. Duan , O. Duarte , F. Dulucq , J. Ehrecke , Y. El Ghazali , A. El Moussaouy , A. Falou , L. Fan , Y. Fan , Z. Fan , K. Farman , F. Fassi , Y. Feng , M. Ferreira , F. Filthaut , F. Fischer , P. Fusté , J. Fu , J. García Rodriquez , G. Gaspar De Andrade , V. Gautam , Z. Ge , R. Gonçalo , M. Gouighri , S. Grinstein , K. Gritsay , F. Guilloux , S. Guindon , A. Haddad , S. E. D. Hammoud , L. Han , A. M. Henriques Correia , M. Hidaoui , B. Hiti , J. Hofner , S. Hou , P. J. Hsu , X. Huang , Y. Huang , K. Hu , C. Insa , J. Jeglot , X. Jia , G. Kramberger , M. Kuriyama , B. Y. Ky , D. Lacour , A. Lafarge , B. Lakssir , A. Lantheaume , D. Laporte , C. de La Taille , M. A. L. Leite , A. Leopold , H. Li , L. Li , M. Li , S. Li , S. Li , Y. Li , Z. Li , S. Liang , Z. Liang , B. Liu , K. Liu , K. Liu , Y. L. Liu , Y. W. Liu , F. L. Lucio Alves , M. Lu , Y. J. Lu , F. Lyu , D. Macina , R. Madar , N. Makovec , S. Malyukov , I. Mandić , T. Manoussos , S. Manzoni , G. Martin-Chassard , F. Martins , L. Masetti , R. Mazini , E. Mazzeo , K. Ma , X. Ma , R. Menegasso , J-P. Meyer , Y. Miao , A. Migayron , M. Mihovilovic , M. Milovanovic , M. Missio , V. Moskalenko , N. Mouadili , A. Moussa , I. Nikolic-Audit , C. C. Ohm , H. Okawa , S. Okkerman , M. Ouchrif , C. Pénélaud , A. Parreira , B. Pascual Dias , R. E. de Paula , J. Pinol Bel , P. -O. Puhl , C. Puigdengoles Olive , M. Puklavec , J. Qin , M. Qi , H. Ren , H. Riani , S. Ridouani , V. Rogozin , L. Royer , F. Rudnyckyj , E. F. Saad , G. T. Saito , A. Salem , H. Santos , S. Scarfi , Ph. Schwemling , N. Seguin-Moreau , L. Serin , R. P. Serrano Fernandez , A. Shaikovskii , Q. Sha , L. Shan , R. Shen , X. Shi , P. Skomina , H. Smitmanns , H. L. Snoek , A. P. Soulier , A. Stein , H. Stenzel , J. Strandberg , W. Sun , X. Sun , Y. Sun , Y. Tan , K. Tariq , Y. Tayalati , S. Terzo , A. Torrento Coello , S. Trincaz-Duvoid , U. M. Vande Voorde , I. Velkovska , R. P. Vieira , L. A. Vieira Lopes , A. Visibile , A. Wang , C. Wang , S. M. Wang , T. Wang , T. Wang , W. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. Wang , J. Wan , Q. Weitzel , J. Wu , M. Wu , W. Wu , Y. Wu , L. Xia , D. Xu , H. Xu , L. Xu , Z. Yan , H. Yang , H. Yang , X. Yang , X. Yang , J. Ye , I. Youbi , J. Yuan , I. Zahir , H. Zeng , D. Zhang , J. Zhang , L. Zhang , Z. Zhang , M. Zhao , Z. Zhao , X. Zheng , Z. Zhou , Y. Zhu , X. Zhuang

The performance of the Ultra-Fast Silicon Detectors (UFSD) after irradiation with neutrons and protons is compromised by the removal of acceptors in the thin layer below the junction responsible for the gain. This effect is tested both with…

AC-Coupled LGAD (AC-LGAD) is a new 4D detector developed based on the Low Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) technology, which can accurately measure the time and spatial information of particles. The Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP)…