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Related papers: Why (and How) LGADs Work: Ionization, Space Charge…

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Low Gain Avalanche Detectors(LGADs) is one of the candidate sensing technologies for future 4D-tracking applications and recently have been qualified to be used in the ATLAS and CMS timing detectors for the CERN High Luminosity Large Hadron…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-04-06 Esteban Currás , Marcos Fernández , Michael Moll

Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGAD) are based on a n++-p+-p-p++ structure where an appropriate doping of the multiplication layer (p+) leads to high enough electric fields for impact ionization. Gain factors of few tens in charge…

In the past few years, the need of measuring accurately the spatial and temporal coordinates of the particles generated in high-energy physics experiments has spurred a strong R\&D in the field of silicon sensors. Within these research…

Low-Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) are a type of thin silicon detector with a highly doped gain layer that provides moderate internal signal amplification. One recent challenge in the use of LGADs, studied by several research groups, is…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-05-07 S. Braun , Q. Buat , J. Ding , P. Kammel , S. M. Mazza , F. McKinney-Martinez , A. Molnar , C. Lansdell , J. Ott , A. Seiden , B. Schumm , Y. Zhao

In recent years, the gain suppression mechanism has been studied for large localized charge deposits in Low-Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs). LGADs are a thin silicon detector with a highly doped gain layer that provides moderate internal…

Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) are thin silicon detectors with moderate internal signal amplification and time resolution as good as 17 ps for minimum ionizing particles. However, the current major limiting factor in granularity is…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-05-26 M. Nizam , K. W. Shin , S. M. Mazza , J. Ott , A. Seiden , B. Schumm , Y. Zhao

The past ten years have seen the advent of silicon-based precise timing detectors for charged particle tracking. The underlying reason for this evolution is a design innovation: the Low-Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD). In its simplicity, the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2022-08-31 N. Cartiglia , R. Arcidiacono , M. Costa , M. Ferrero , G. Gioachin , M. Mandurrino , L. Menzio , F. Siviero , V. Sola , M. Tornago

The low gain avalanche detectors (LGADs) are thin sensors with fast charge collection which in combination with internal gain deliver an outstanding time resolution of about 30 ps. High collision rates and consequent large particle rates…

Low Gain Avalanche Diodes, also known as LGADs, are widely considered for fast-timing applications in high energy physics, nuclear physics, space science, medical imaging, and precision measurements of rare processes. Such devices are…

Low-Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) provide moderate internal gain and time resolutions of a few tens of picoseconds, making them a key technology for ultrafast timing in high-energy physics and beyond. However, both their gain and timing…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-04-28 Weiyi Sun , Mengzhao Li , Mei Zhao , Zhijun Liang

Ultra-Fast Silicon Detectors (UFSDs) are n-in-p silicon detectors that implement moderate gain (typically 5 to 25) using a thin highly doped p++ layer between the high resistivity p-bulk and the junction of the sensor. The presence of gain…

Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) are silicon sensors with a built-in charge multiplication layer providing a gain of typically 10 to 50. Due to the combination of high signal-to-noise ratio and short rise time, thin LGADs provide good…

Motivated by the need for fast timing detectors to withstand up to 2 MGy of ionizing dose at the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, prototype low gain avalanche detectors (LGADs) have been fabricated in single pad configuration, 2x2…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-12-20 Martin Hoeferkamp , Alissa Howard , Gregor Kramberger , Sally Seidel , Josef Sorenson , Adam Yanez

The High Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD) will be installed in the ATLAS experiment to mitigate pile-up effects during the High Luminosity (HL) phase of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) will…

A closed-form approximate expression is presented for the short time-frame development of silicon diode sensor signals in the context of high frame-rate detection of incident X-ray fluxes, in the limit that the X-ray absorption profile…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-04-22 Bruce A. Schumm

Low Gain Avalanche Detector (LGAD) is the baseline sensing technology of the recently proposed Minimum Ionizing Particle (MIP) end-cap timing detectors (MTD) at the Atlas and CMS experiments. The current MTD sensor is designed as a…

Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) are n-on-p silicon sensors with an extra p-layer below the collection electrode which provides signal amplification. When the primary electrons reach the amplification region new electron-hole pairs are…

Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) are thin (20-50 $\mu m$)silicon di ode sensors with modest internal gain (typically 5 to 50) and exceptional time resolution (17 $ps$ to 50 $ps$). However, the granularity of such devices is limited to the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-01-05 S. Ayyoub , C. Gee , R. Islam , S. M. Mazza , B. Schumm , A. Seiden , Y. Zhao

Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGAD) represent a remarkable advance in high energy particle detection, since they provide a moderate increase (gain ~10) of the collected charge, thus leading to a notable improvement of the signal-to-noise…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-05-04 Pablo Fernandez-Martinez , David Flores , Salvador Hidalgo , Virginia Greco , Angel Merlos , Giulio Pellegrini , David Quirion

Current and next-generation particle tracking detectors will incorporate precision timing capabilities with resolutions approaching tens of picoseconds. Using Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) simulations of Low-Gain Avalanche Diode…

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