English
Related papers

Related papers: Emulating Clinician Cognition via Self-Evolving De…

200 papers

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have the potential to significantly enhance human productivity by reasoning, using tools, and executing complex tasks in diverse environments. However, current approaches to…

An accurate differential diagnosis (DDx) is a cornerstone of medical care, often reached through an iterative process of interpretation that combines clinical history, physical examination, investigations and procedures. Interactive…

Constructing controllable visual data is a major bottleneck for image editing and multimodal understanding. Useful supervision is rarely produced by a single rendering pass; instead it emerges through iterative generation, inspection,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Qisong Zhang , Wenzhuo Wu , Zhuangzhuang Jia , Yunhao Yang , Huayu Zhang , Xianghao Zang , Zhixiang He , Zhongjiang He , Kongming Liang , Zhanyu Ma

Diagnosis-oriented dialogue system queries the patient's health condition and makes predictions about possible diseases through continuous interaction with the patient. A few studies use reinforcement learning (RL) to learn the optimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Wei Chen , Cheng Zhong , Jiajie Peng , Zhongyu Wei

Cognitive diagnosis has been developed for decades as an effective measurement tool to evaluate human cognitive status such as ability level and knowledge mastery. It has been applied to a wide range of fields including education, sport,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Fei Wang , Weibo Gao , Qi Liu , Jiatong Li , Guanhao Zhao , Zheng Zhang , Zhenya Huang , Mengxiao Zhu , Shijin Wang , Wei Tong , Enhong Chen

Agentic AI is rapidly advancing in healthcare and biomedical research. However, in medical image analysis, their performance and adoption remain limited due to the lack of a robust ecosystem, insufficient toolsets, and the absence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Songhao Li , Jonathan Xu , Tiancheng Bao , Yuxuan Liu , Yuchen Liu , Yihang Liu , Lilin Wang , Wenhui Lei , Sheng Wang , Yinuo Xu , Yan Cui , Jialu Yao , Shunsuke Koga , Zhi Huang

Autonomous systems, such as autonomous driving systems, evolve rapidly through frequent updates, risking unintended behavioral degradations. Effective system-level testing is challenging due to the vast scenario space, the absence of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Hossein Yousefizadeh , Shenghui Gu , Lionel C. Briand , Ali Nasr

This thesis develops methods for causal inference and causal representation learning (CRL) in high-dimensional, time-varying data. The first contribution introduces the Causal Dynamic Variational Autoencoder (CDVAE), a model for estimating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-05 Mouad EL Bouchattaoui

Artificial Intelligence in healthcare is a new and exciting frontier and the possibilities are endless. With deep learning approaches beating human performances in many areas, the logical next step is to attempt their application in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Ally Salim

Current research in LLM-based simulation systems lacks comprehensive solutions for modeling real-world court proceedings, while existing legal language models struggle with dynamic courtroom interactions. We present AgentCourt, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Guhong Chen , Liyang Fan , Zihan Gong , Nan Xie , Zixuan Li , Ziqiang Liu , Chengming Li , Qiang Qu , Hamid Alinejad-Rokny , Shiwen Ni , Min Yang

Evolve-based agent such as AlphaEvolve is one of the notable successes in using Large Language Models (LLMs) to build AI Scientists. These agents tackle open-ended scientific problems by iteratively improving and evolving programs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yongqiang Chen , Chenxi Liu , Zhenhao Chen , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han , Kun Zhang

Existing methods for AI psychological counselors predominantly rely on supervised fine-tuning using static dialogue datasets. However, this contrasts with human experts, who continuously refine their proficiency through clinical practice…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yutao Yang , Junsong Li , Qianjun Pan , Jie Zhou , Kai Chen , Qin Chen , Jingyuan Zhao , Ningning Zhou , Xin Li , Liang He

Clinical reasoning in medicine is a hypothesis-driven process where physicians refine diagnoses from limited information through targeted history, physical examination, and diagnostic investigations. In contrast, current medical benchmarks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Christopher Chiu , Silviu Pitis , Mihaela van der Schaar

Despite deep learning's success in chemistry, its impact is hindered by a lack of interpretability and an inability to resolve activity cliffs, where minor structural nuances trigger drastic property shifts. Current representation learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Xiangsen Chen , Ruilong Wu , Yanyan Lan , Ting Ma , Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential for conducting diagnostic conversations but evaluation has been largely limited to language-only interactions, deviating from the real-world requirements of remote care…

Artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology has made great strides in recent years, but many hurdles remain. Overfitting and lack of generalizability represent important ongoing challenges hindering accurate and dependable clinical…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Subhanik Purkayastha , Hrithwik Shalu , David Gutman , Shakeel Modak , Ellen Basu , Brian Kushner , Kim Kramer , Sofia Haque , Joseph Stember

Clinical practice in psychiatry is burdened with the increased demand for healthcare services and the scarce resources available. New paradigms of health data powered with machine learning techniques could open the possibility to improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Juan Sebastian Canas , Francisco Gomez , Omar Costilla-Reyes

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) plays an indispensable role in demystifying the decision-making processes of AI, especially within the healthcare industry. Clinicians rely heavily on detailed reasoning when making a diagnosis,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Anna Stubbin , Thompson Chyrikov , Jim Zhao , Christina Chajo

The rapid growth of biomedical data, tools, and literature has created a fragmented research landscape that outpaces human expertise. While AI agents offer a solution, they typically rely on static, manually curated toolsets, limiting their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Ruofan Jin , Zaixi Zhang , Mengdi Wang , Le Cong

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the effectiveness of Iterative Self-Improvement (ISI) techniques. However, continuous training on self-generated data leads to reduced output diversity, a limitation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yiwei Qin , Yixiu Liu , Pengfei Liu