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With modern defense applications increasingly relying on inexpensive, autonomous drones, lies the major challenge of designing computationally and memory-efficient onboard algorithms to fulfill mission objectives. This challenge is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Conor Flynn , Radoslav Ivanov , Birsen Yazici

Radar is a key component of the suite of perception sensors used for safe and reliable navigation of autonomous vehicles. Its unique capabilities include high-resolution velocity imaging, detection of agents in occlusion and over long…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Arvind Srivastav , Soumyajit Mandal

Autonomous systems require a continuous and dependable environment perception for navigation and decision-making, which is best achieved by combining different sensor types. Radar continues to function robustly in compromised circumstances…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Carsten Ditzel , Klaus Dietmayer

The Spherical Geometry Algorithm (SGA) demonstrates superior capability in achieving efficient and precise spaceborne SAR image formation processing, even under challenging imaging conditions including non-linear radar trajectories and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-11 Xinhua Mao , Manyi Tao , Jixia Fan

While automotive radar sensors are widely adopted and have been used for automatic cruise control and collision avoidance tasks, their application outside of vehicles is still limited. As they have the ability to resolve multiple targets in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Alexander Tsaregorodtsev , Michael Buchholz , Vasileios Belagiannis

Sparse arrays have been widely exploited in radar systems because of their advantages in achieving large array aperture at low hardware cost, while significantly reducing mutual coupling. However, sparse arrays suffer from high sidelobes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-10 Ruxin Zheng , Shunqiao Sun , Hongshan Liu

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) enables submeter-resolution imaging and all-weather monitoring via active microwave and advanced signal processing. Currently, SAR has found extensive applications in critical maritime domains such as ship…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Liangjie Meng , Danxia Li , Jinrong He , Lili Ma , Zhixin Li

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) utilizes the movement of the radar antenna over a specific area of interest to achieve higher spatial resolution imaging. In this paper, we aim to investigate the realization of SAR imaging for a stationary…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Yifan Sun , Rang Liu , Zhiping Lu , Honghao Luo , Ming Li , Qian Liu

In optoacoustic (photoacoustic) tomography, several parameters related to tissue and detector features are needed for image formation, but they may not be known a priori. An autofocus (AF) algorithm is generally used to estimate these…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 Ludwig Englert , Lucas Riobo , Christine Schonemann , Vasilis Ntziachristos , Juan Aguirre

The next generation of radar systems will include advanced digital front-end technology in the apertures allowing for spatially subdividing radar tasks over the array, the so-called split-aperture phased array (SAPA) concept. The goal of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-31 Pepijn B. Cox , Wim L. van Rossum

High resolution automotive radar sensors are required in order to meet the high bar of autonomous vehicles needs and regulations. However, current radar systems are limited in their angular resolution causing a technological gap. An…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-07 Itai Orr , Moshik Cohen , Harel Damari , Meir Halachmi , Zeev Zalevsky

In this paper, we introduce an innovative super resolution approach to emerging modes of near-field synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging. Recent research extends convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures from the optical to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Christos Vasileiou , Josiah W. Smith , Shiva Thiagarajan , Matthew Nigh , Yiorgos Makris , Murat Torlak

All-weather autonomy is critical for autonomous driving, which necessitates reliable localization across diverse scenarios. While LiDAR place recognition is widely deployed for this task, its performance degrades in adverse weather.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zhangshuo Qi , Jingyi Xu , Luqi Cheng , Shichen Wen , Guangming Xiong

In the problem of spotlight mode airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation, it is well-known that data collected over a wide azimuthal angle violate the isotropic scattering property typically assumed. Many techniques have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-12 Victor Churchill , Anne Gelb

Existing SAR tomography (TomoSAR) algorithms are mostly based on an inversion of the SAR imaging model, which are often computationally expensive. Previous study showed perspective of using data-driven methods like KPCA to decompose the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-25 Kun Qian , Yuanyuan Wang , Xiaoxiang Zhu

Robotic perception in unstructured environments remains challenging despite the zero-shot capabilities of foundation models such as SAM. This work attributes performance degradation to non-uniform representation shifts across transformer…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Wenhui Chu

Millimeter-wave radars are being increasingly integrated into commercial vehicles to support advanced driver-assistance system features. A key shortcoming for present-day vehicular radar imaging is poor azimuth resolution (for side-looking…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-07 Xiangyu Gao , Sumit Roy , Guanbin Xing

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used dimension reduction technique in machine learning and multivariate statistics. To improve the interpretability of PCA, various approaches to obtain sparse principal direction loadings have…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Agniva Chowdhury , Petros Drineas , David P. Woodruff , Samson Zhou

Fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained models is prohibitively expensive in terms of computation and memory costs. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a popular Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) method, offers an efficient solution by optimizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Tao Li , Zhengbao He , Yujun Li , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Xiaolin Huang

The direct imaging of potentially habitable exoplanets is one prime science case for high-contrast imaging instruments on extremely large telescopes. Most such exoplanets orbit close to their host stars, where their observation is limited…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-27 Jalo Nousiainen , Iremsu Taskin , Markus Kasper , Gilles Orban De Xivry , Olivier Absil