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Let $G$ be an edge-colored graph with $n$ vertices. A subgraph $H$ of $G$ is called a rainbow subgraph of $G$ if the colors of each pair of the edges in $E(H)$ are distinct. We define the minimum color degree of $G$ to be the smallest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-26 Wipawee Tangjai

The subdivided double construction on 4-regular graphs was used by Poto\v{c}nik and Wilson to explore semi-symmetric (edge-transitive but not vertex-transitive) graphs, and can be used to construct every semi-symmetric 4-regular graph that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-22 David Eppstein

Let $G$ be a finite connected simple graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. We show that, when $G$ is not bipartite, the number of $4$-cycles contained in $G$ is at most $\binom{m-n+1}{2}$. We further provide a short combinatorial proof of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-03 Takayuki Hibi , Aki Mori , Hidefumi Ohsugi

The $k$-colour bipartite Ramsey number of a bipartite graph $H$ is the least integer $N$ for which every $k$-edge-coloured complete bipartite graph $K_{N,N}$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The study of bipartite Ramsey numbers was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Matija Bucic , Shoham Letzter , Benny Sudakov

Bicyclic graph is a connected graph in which the number of edges equals the number of vertices plus one. In this paper, we determine the graph which alone maximizes the spectral radii among all the bicyclic graphs on $n$ vertices with fixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-25 Xiying Yuan

We show that under certain conditions the square of the graph obtained by identifying a vertex in two graphs with hamiltonian square is also hamiltonian. Using this result, we prove necessary and sufficient conditions for hamiltonicity of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-22 Jan Ekstein

A graph is \emph{hamiltonian-connected} if every pair of vertices can be connected by a hamiltonian path, and it is \emph{hamiltonian} if it contains a hamiltonian cycle. We construct families of non-hamiltonian graphs for which the ratio…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Erik Carlson , Willem Fletcher , MurphyKate Montee , Chi Nguyen , Jarne Renders , Xingyi Zhang

We determine the maximum number of a graph without containing the 2-power of a Hamilton path. Using this result, we establish a spectral condition for a graph containing the 2-power of a Hamilton path.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Te Pi , Rui Sun , Long-Tu Yuan

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, let $f(G,H)$ denote the maximum number $c$ for which there is a way to color the edges of $G$ with $c$ colors such that every subgraph $H$ of $G$ has at least two edges of the same color. Equivalently, any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Xueliang Li , Jianhua Tu , Zemin Jin

In this paper, we give sufficient conditions on the spectral radius for a bipartite graph to Hamiltonian and traceable, which expand the results of Lu, Liu and Tian (2012) [10]. Furthermore, we also present tight sufficient conditions on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-07 Ruifang Liu , Wai Chee Shiu , Jie Xue

An edge-coloured path is rainbow if its edges have distinct colours. For a connected graph $G$, the rainbow connection number (resp. strong rainbow connection number) of $G$ is the minimum number of colours required to colour the edges of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-06 Hui Lei , Henry Liu , Colton Magnant , Yongtang Shi

A path in an edge-colored graph $G$, where adjacent edges may have the same color, is called a rainbow path if no two edges of the path are colored the same. The rainbow connection number $rc(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum integer $i$ for which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Hengzhe Li , Xueliang Li , Sujuan Liu

A path in an edge-colored graph, where adjacent edges may be colored the same, is a rainbow path if no two edges of it are colored the same. For any two vertices $u$ and $v$ of $G$, a rainbow $u-v$ geodesic in $G$ is a rainbow $u-v$ path of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-11-01 Xueliang Li , Yuefang Sun

An edge-coloured path is \emph{rainbow} if its edges have distinct colours. An edge-coloured connected graph is said to be \emph{rainbow connected} if any two vertices are connected by a rainbow path, and \emph{strongly rainbow connected}…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-18 Hui Lei , Shasha Li , Henry Liu , Yongtang Shi

An edge-colored graph $G$ is rainbow connected if any two vertices are connected by a path whose edges have distinct colors. The rainbow connection number of a connected graph $G$, denoted $rc(G)$, is the smallest number of colors that are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-12-05 Arash Ahadi , Ali Dehghan

Let G be a graph of given order and mu(G) be the largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. We give conditions on mu(G) that imply Hamiltonicity of G and of its complement.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-01 Miroslav Fiedler , Vladimir Nikiforov

We prove several results on approximate decompositions of edge-coloured quasirandom graphs into rainbow spanning structures. More precisely, we say that an edge-colouring of a graph is locally $\ell$-bounded if no vertex is incident to more…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-01 Jaehoon Kim , Daniela Kühn , Andrey Kupavskii , Deryk Osthus

The complete double vertex graph $M_2(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the graph whose vertices are the $2$-multisubsets of $V(G)$, and two of such vertices are adjacent in $M_2(G)$ if their symmetric difference (as multisets) is a pair of adjacent…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-04 Luis Manuel Rivera , Ana Laura Trujillo-Negrete

A well-known result due to Chvat\'al and Erd\H{o}s (1972) asserts that, if a graph $G$ satisfies $\kappa(G) \ge \alpha(G)$, where $\kappa(G)$ is the vertex-connectivity of $G$, then $G$ has a Hamilton cycle. We prove a similar result…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-25 Shoham Letzter

Let $G$ be a nontrivial connected and vertex-colored graph. A vertex subset $X$ is called rainbow if any two vertices in $X$ have distinct colors. The graph $G$ is called \emph{rainbow vertex-disconnected} if for any two vertices $x$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-11 Yindi Weng