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Reward modelling from preference data is a crucial step in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, requiring robust generalisation to novel prompt-response pairs. In this work, we propose to frame this problem in a causal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Katarzyna Kobalczyk , Mihaela van der Schaar

Generating user-friendly explanations regarding why an item is recommended has become increasingly common, largely due to advances in language generation technology, which can enhance user trust and facilitate more informed decision-making…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Yucong Luo , Mingyue Cheng , Hao Zhang , Junyu Lu , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

What makes an interaction with the LLM more preferable for the user? While it is intuitive to assume that information accuracy in the LLM's responses would be one of the influential variables, recent studies have found that inaccurate LLM's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Rendi Chevi , Kentaro Inui , Thamar Solorio , Alham Fikri Aji

Recommender systems are critical for delivering personalized content across digital platforms, and recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) offer new opportunities to enhance them with richer world knowledge and explicit reasoning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jingtong Gao , Zeyu Song , Chi Lu , Xiaopeng Li , Derong Xu , Maolin Wang , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai , Qingpeng Cai , Xiangyu Zhao

User simulators can rapidly generate a large volume of timely user behavior data, providing a testing platform for reinforcement learning-based recommender systems, thus accelerating their iteration and optimization. However, prevalent user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zijian Zhang , Shuchang Liu , Ziru Liu , Rui Zhong , Qingpeng Cai , Xiangyu Zhao , Chunxu Zhang , Qidong Liu , Peng Jiang

Actively inferring user preferences, for example by asking good questions, is important for any human-facing decision-making system. Active inference allows such systems to adapt and personalize themselves to nuanced individual preferences.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Wasu Top Piriyakulkij , Volodymyr Kuleshov , Kevin Ellis

This paper investigates the reliability of explanations generated by large language models (LLMs) when prompted to explain their previous output. We evaluate two kinds of such self-explanations - extractive and counterfactual - using three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Korbinian Randl , John Pavlopoulos , Aron Henriksson , Tony Lindgren

Large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to generating inaccurate or false information, often referred to as "hallucinations" or "confabulations." While several technical advancements have been made to detect hallucinated content by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Hyo Jin Do , Rachel Ostrand , Werner Geyer , Keerthiram Murugesan , Dennis Wei , Justin Weisz

LLM-based shopping agents increasingly rely on long purchase histories and multi-turn interactions for personalization, yet naively appending raw history to prompts is often ineffective due to noise, length, and relevance mismatch. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Zhiyuan Peng , Xuyang Wu , Huaixiao Tou , Yi Fang , Yu Gong

Personalized large language models (LLMs) adapt model behavior to individual users to enhance user satisfaction, yet personalization can inadvertently distort factual reasoning. We show that when personalized LLMs face factual queries,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Zhongxiang Sun , Yi Zhan , Chenglei Shen , Weijie Yu , Xiao Zhang , Ming He , Jun Xu

Conversational Recommender Systems (CRSs) aim to provide personalized recommendations by capturing user preferences through interactive dialogues. Explainability in CRSs is crucial as it enables users to understand the reasoning behind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Zhangchi Qiu , Linhao Luo , Shirui Pan , Alan Wee-Chung Liew

Aligning language models with human preferences through reinforcement learning from human feedback is crucial for their safe and effective deployment. The human preference is typically represented through comparison where one response is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hoang Anh Just , Ming Jin , Anit Sahu , Huy Phan , Ruoxi Jia

Preference alignment in Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly improved their ability to adhere to human instructions and intentions. However, existing direct alignment algorithms primarily focus on relative preferences and often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Shenao Zhang , Zhihan Liu , Boyi Liu , Yufeng Zhang , Yingxiang Yang , Yongfei Liu , Liyu Chen , Tao Sun , Zhaoran Wang

The rapid spread of misinformation on social media platforms has become a formidable challenge. To mitigate its proliferation, Misinformation Detection (MD) has emerged as a critical research topic. Traditional MD approaches based on small…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Bing Wang , Rui Miao , Ximing Li , Chen Shen , Shaotian Yan , Changchun Li , Kaiyuan Liu , Xiaosong Yuan , Jieping Ye

The emergence of tools based on artificial intelligence has also led to the need of producing explanations which are understandable by a human being. In most approaches, the system is considered a black box, making it difficult to generate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Germán Vidal

Large language models (LLMs) often generate natural language rationales -- free-form explanations that help improve performance on complex reasoning tasks and enhance interpretability for human users. However, evaluating these rationales…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Ziang Li , Manasi Ganti , Zixian Ma , Helena Vasconcelos , Qijia He , Ranjay Krishna

While humans increasingly rely on large language models (LLMs), they are susceptible to generating inaccurate or false information, also known as "hallucinations". Technical advancements have been made in algorithms that detect hallucinated…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Hyo Jin Do , Rachel Ostrand , Justin D. Weisz , Casey Dugan , Prasanna Sattigeri , Dennis Wei , Keerthiram Murugesan , Werner Geyer

Explanations accompanied by a recommendation can assist users in understanding the decision made by recommendation systems, which in turn increases a user's confidence and trust in the system. Recently, research has focused on generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Anthony Colas , Jun Araki , Zhengyu Zhou , Bingqing Wang , Zhe Feng

There has been growing attention on fairness considerations recently, especially in the context of intelligent decision making systems. Explainable recommendation systems, in particular, may suffer from both explanation bias and performance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Zuohui Fu , Yikun Xian , Ruoyuan Gao , Jieyu Zhao , Qiaoying Huang , Yingqiang Ge , Shuyuan Xu , Shijie Geng , Chirag Shah , Yongfeng Zhang , Gerard de Melo

Explainable recommendation is a technique that combines prediction and generation tasks to produce more persuasive results. Among these tasks, textual generation demands large amounts of data to achieve satisfactory accuracy. However,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Hao Cheng , Shuo Wang , Wensheng Lu , Wei Zhang , Mingyang Zhou , Kezhong Lu , Hao Liao
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