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This review discusses how low-energy, valence excitations created by swift electrons can render information on the optical response of structured materials with unmatched spatial resolution. Electron microscopes are capable of focusing…
Fluorescence microscopy is an important and extensively utilised tool for imaging biological systems. However, the image resolution that can be obtained has a limit as defined through the laws of diffraction. Demand for improved resolution…
We introduce a phase imaging mechanism for scanning transmission electron microscopy that exploits the complementary intensity changes of transmitted disks at different scattering angles. For scanning transmission electron microscopy, this…
Photonic devices play an increasingly important role in advancing physics and engineering, and while improvements in nanofabrication and computational methods have driven dramatic progress in expanding the range of achievable optical…
Imaging the quantum motion of electrons not only in real-time, but also in real-space is essential to understand for example bond breaking and formation in molecules, and charge migration in peptides and biological systems. Time-resolved…
New techniques for imaging electromagnetic near-fields in nanostructures drive advancements in nanotechnology, optoelectronics, materials science, and biochemistry. Most existing techniques probe near-fields along surfaces, lacking the…
Recent experiments [Guan et al. Science 381, 766 (2023)] have demonstrated that the resolution of superlensing slabs can be significantly enhanced with complex frequency illuminations. In this study, we introduce a novel theoretical…
Electromagnetic fields with complex spatial variation routinely arise in Nature. We study the response of a small molecule to monochromatic fields of arbitrary three-dimensional geometry. First, we consider the allowed configurations of the…
Conceptual studies and numerical simulations are performed for imaging devices that transform a near-field pattern into magnified far-zone images and are based on high-order spatial transformation in cylindrical domains. A lens translating…
Photoemission electron microscopy was used to image the electrons photoemitted from specially tailored Ag nanoparticles deposited on a Si substrate (with its native oxide SiO$_{x}$). Photoemission was induced by illumination with a Hg…
Ultrafast electron microscopy aims for imaging transient phenomena occurring on nanoscale. One of its goals is to visualize localized optical and plasmonic modes generated by coherent excitation in the vicinity of various types of…
Recent progress in laser-based high-repetition rate extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lightsources and multidimensional photoelectron spectroscopy enable the build-up of a new generation of time-resolved photoemission experiments. Here, we present…
The interaction between the field emission resonance states and the photodetached electron in an electric field is studied by semiclassical theory. An analytical expression of the photodetachment cross section is derived in the framework.…
Since its emergence two decades ago, astrophotonics has found broad application in scientific instruments at many institutions worldwide. The case for astrophotonics becomes more compelling as telescopes push for AO-assisted,…
A new method for dark field imaging is introduced which uses scanned electron diffraction (or 4DSTEM - 4-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy) datasets as its input. Instead of working on simple summation of intensity, it…
We analyze the far field resolution of apertures which are illuminated by a point dipole located at subwavelength distances. It is well known that radiation emitted by a localized source can be considered a combination of travelling and…
Significant progress has been made in spatial resolution using environmental transmission electron microscopes (ETEM), which now enables atomic resolution visualization of structural transformation under variable temperature and gas…
Fast electrons spectromicroscopies enable to measure quantitatively the optical response of excitations with unrivaled spatial resolution. However, due to their inherently scalar nature, electron waves cannot access to polarization-related…
Electron motion on the (sub-)femtosecond time scale constitutes the fastest response in many natural phenomena such as light-induced phase transitions and chemical reactions. Whereas static electron densities in single molecules can be…
We present an electrostatic theory of the optical rectification, namely, the static photovoltage or photocurrent generation under a light illumination, in metallic particles. The hydrodynamical model for the charge carriers in the metals is…