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Rotation of the plane of the polarization of light in the presence of a magnetic-field, known as the Faraday rotation, is a consequence of the electromagnetic nature of light and has been utilized in many optical devices. Current efforts…
Nanosecond temporal resolution enables new methods for wide-field imaging like time-of-flight, gated detection, and fluorescence lifetime. The optical efficiency of existing approaches, however, presents challenges for low-light…
In modern high-gain free-electron lasers, ultra-fast photon pulses designed for studying chemical, atomic and biological systems are generated from a serial of behaviors of high-brightness electron beam at the time-scale ranging from…
Direct imaging instruments have the spatial resolution to resolve exoplanets from their host star. This enables direct characterization of the exoplanets atmosphere, but most direct imaging instruments do not have spectrographs with high…
Harnessing electron spin is crucial in developing energy-saving and high-speed devices for the next generation. In this scheme, visualizing spin-polarized electronic states aids in designing and developing new materials and devices.…
We present a method to map the absolute electromagnetic field strength inside photonic crystals. We apply the method to map the electric field component Ez of a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab at microwave frequencies. The slab is…
Spatial and temporal light modulation is a well-established technology that enables dynamic shaping of the phase and amplitude of optical fields, significantly enhancing the resolution and sensitivity of imaging methods. Translating this…
The massive electrodynamics is applied to the Dirac equation to find the generalized Volkov solution with massive photon field. The resulting equation is the Riccati equation which cannot be solved in general. We use the approximative…
Optical flow is a method aimed at predicting the movement velocity of any pixel in the image and is used in medicine and biology to estimate flow of particles in organs or organelles. However, a precise optical flow measurement requires…
This paper models light scattering through flat surfaces with finite transmission, reflection and absorption rates, with wave packets approaching the mirror from both sides. While using the same notion of photons as in free space, our model…
Vector displacements expressed in spherical coordinates are proposed. They correspond to electromagnetic fields in vacuum that globally rotate about an axis and display many circular patterns on the surface of a sphere. The fields basically…
Due to quantum fluctuations, non-orthogonal quantum states cannot be distinguished with complete certainty, making their underlying physical parameters difficult to resolve. Traditionally, it has been believed that the linewidth of a system…
Aberration correctors are essential elements for achieving atomic resolution in state-of-the-art electron microscopes. Conventional correctors are based on a series of multipolar electron lenses, but more versatile alternatives are…
High peak power ultrafast lasers are widely used in nonlinear spectroscopy but often limit its spectral resolution because of the broad frequency bandwidth of ultrashort laser pulses. Improving the resolution by achieving spectrally narrow…
A classical theory of a radiating two-dimensional crystal is proposed and an expression for the radiative-reaction electric field is derived. This field plays an essential role in connecting the microscopic electromagnetic fields acting on…
The electrostatic configurations of the Born-Infeld field in the 2-dimensional Euclidean plane are obtained by means of a non-analytical complex mapping which captures the structure of equipotential and field lines. The electrostatic field…
Efforts to push the spatiotemporal imaging-resolution limits of femtosecond (fs) laser-driven ultrafast electron microscopes (UEMs) to the combined angstrom-fs range will benefit from stable sources capable of generating high bunch charges.…
Although several optical techniques have been recently developed in order to overcome the resolution limit in microscopy, the imaging of sub-wavelength features is still a real challenge. In practise, super-resolution techniques remain…
A theoretical approach to determine the optimal form of the near-field optical microscope probe is proposed. An analytical expression of the optimal probe form with subwavelength aperture has been obtained. The advantages of the probe with…
Using a high energy electron beam for the imaging of high density matter with both high spatial-temporal and areal density resolution under extreme states of temperature and pressure is one of the critical challenges in high energy density…