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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has provided the first opportunity to study the atmospheres of terrestrial exoplanets and estimate their surface conditions. Earth-sized planets around Sun-like stars are currently inaccessible with…

Over the last several years, spectroscopic observations of transiting exoplanets have begun to uncover information about their atmospheres, including atmospheric composition and indications of the presence of clouds and hazes. Spectral…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-10 Joanna K. Barstow , Quentin Changeat , Ryan Garland , Michael R. Line , Marco Rocchetto , Ingo P. Waldmann

We present a new method to retrieve molecular abundances and temperature profiles from exoplanet atmosphere photometry and spectroscopy. We run millions of 1D atmosphere models in order to cover the large range of allowed parameter space,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 N. Madhusudhan , S. Seager

Observing exoplanets through transmission spectroscopy supplies detailed information on their atmospheric composition, physics, and chemistry. Prior to JWST, these observations were limited to a narrow wavelength range across the…

We investigate the impact of using multipoint p-T profiles of varying complexity on the retrieval of synthetically generated hot Jupiter transmission spectra modelled after state-of-the-art observations of the hot Jupiter WASP-39~b with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-23 Simon Schleich , Sudeshna Boro Saikia , Quentin Changeat , Manuel Güdel , Aiko Voigt , Ingo Waldmann

Directly-imaged exoplanets are unexplored laboratories for the application of the spectral and temperature retrieval method, where the chemistry and composition of their atmospheres are inferred from inverse modeling of the available data.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Jae-Min Lee , Kevin Heng , Patrick G. J. Irwin

Determining whether temperate rocky exoplanets orbiting M stars retain atmospheres is currently a central goal of exoplanet astronomy. To this end, the James Webb Space Telescope has begun searching for atmospheres on these worlds with MIRI…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-15 Nicholas Wogan , Natasha Batalha , Jegug Ih , Jacob Lustig-Yaeger , Kevin Stevenson

The spectroscopic characterization of terrestrial exoplanets will be made possible for the first time with JWST. One challenge to characterizing such planets is that it is not known a priori whether they possess optically thick atmospheres…

We propose a method to distinguish between cloudy, hazy and clearsky (free of clouds and hazes) exoplanet atmospheres that could be applicable to upcoming large aperture space and ground-based telescopes such as the James Webb Space…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-28 Amit Misra , Victoria Meadows

Aerosols are a ubiquitous feature of planetary atmospheres and leave clear spectral imprints in exoplanet spectra. Pre-JWST, exoplanet retrieval frameworks mostly adopted simple parametric approximations. With JWST, we now have access to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-28 Elijah Mullens , Nikole K. Lewis , Ryan J. MacDonald

The time series of light reflected from exoplanets by future direct imaging can provide spatial information with respect to the planetary surface. We apply sparse modeling to the retrieval method that disentangles the spatial and spectral…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-25 Atsuki Kuwata , Hajime Kawahara , Masataka Aizawa , Takayuki Kotani , Motohide Tamura

We demonstrate the effectiveness of the Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory mission concept for constraining the atmospheric properties of hot and warm gas giants and super Earths. Synthetic primary and secondary transit spectra for a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-29 Joanna K. Barstow , Neil E. Bowles , Suzanne Aigrain , Leigh N. Fletcher , Patrick G. J. Irwin , Ryan Varley , Enzo Pascale

petitRADTRANS (pRT) is a fast radiative transfer code used for computing emission and transmission spectra of exoplanet atmospheres, combining a FORTRAN back end with a Python based user interface. It is widely used in the exoplanet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-05 Evert Nasedkin , Paul Mollière , Doriann Blain

Transmission spectroscopy is one of the premier methods used to probe the temperature, composition, and cloud properties of exoplanet atmospheres. Recent studies have demonstrated that the multidimensional nature of exoplanet atmospheres --…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 Ryan J. MacDonald , Nikole K. Lewis

Aerosols are capable of having a huge influence on reflected, emitted and transmitted planetary spectra. The Near InfraRed Spectrograph (NIRSpec) using the PRISM mode on board of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is providing valuable…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-19 J. Roy-Perez , S. Pérez-Hoyos , N. Barrado-Izagirre , H. Chen-Chen

We present an atmospheric retrieval analysis on a set of young, cloudy, red L-dwarfs -- CWISER J124332.12+600126.2 and WISEP J004701.06+680352.1 -- using the \textit{Brewster} retrieval framework. We also present the first elemental…

We present an auto-differentiable spectral modeling of exoplanets and brown dwarfs. This model enables a fully Bayesian inference of the high--dispersion data to fit the ab initio line-by-line spectral computation to the observed spectrum…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-09 Hajime Kawahara , Yui Kawashima , Kento Masuda , Ian J. M. Crossfield , Erwan Pannier , Dirk van den Bekerom

High-contrast imaging of exoplanets hinges on powerful post-processing methods to denoise the data and separate the signal of a companion from its host star, which is typically orders of magnitude brighter. Existing post-processing…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-05 Timothy D. Gebhard , Markus J. Bonse , Sascha P. Quanz , Bernhard Schölkopf