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Anomaly detection is concerned with identifying data patterns that deviate remarkably from the expected behaviour. This is an important research problem, due to its broad set of application domains, from data analysis to e-health,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 L. Erhan , M. Ndubuaku , M. Di Mauro , W. Song , M. Chen , G. Fortino , O. Bagdasar , A. Liotta

Recent advancements in IoT technologies have underscored the importance of using sensor data to understand environmental contexts effectively. This paper introduces a novel embedded system designed to autonomously label sensor data directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Tianheng Ling , Islam Mansour , Chao Qian , Gregor Schiele

Time series anomaly detection (TSAD) is an evolving area of research motivated by its critical applications, such as detecting seismic activity, sensor failures in industrial plants, predicting crashes in the stock market, and so on. Across…

Cross-domain intrusion detection remains a critical challenge due to significant variability in network traffic characteristics and feature distributions across environments. This study evaluates the transferability of three widely used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Alejandro Guerra-Manzanares , Jialin Huang

We present a novel, simple and widely applicable semi-supervised procedure for anomaly detection in industrial and IoT environments, SAnD (Simple Anomaly Detection). SAnD comprises 5 steps, each leveraging well-known statistical tools,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Simone Tonini , Andrea Vandin , Francesca Chiaromonte , Daniele Licari , Fernando Barsacchi

In recent years, rapid technological advancements and expanded Internet access have led to a significant rise in anomalies within network traffic and time-series data. Prompt detection of these irregularities is crucial for ensuring service…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Mahshid Rezakhani , Tolunay Seyfi , Fatemeh Afghah

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) networks demand reliable anomaly detection under harsh wireless conditions, yet most detectors fail on four fronts: hostile fading, stealthy non-Gaussian faults, discarded spatial structure, or…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-06 Surya Jayakumar , Indrakshi Dey

Data integrity becomes paramount as the number of Internet of Things (IoT) sensor deployments increases. Sensor data can be altered by benign causes or malicious actions. Mechanisms that detect drifts and irregularities can prevent…

Precise segmentation of out-of-distribution (OoD) objects, herein referred to as anomalies, is crucial for the reliable deployment of semantic segmentation models in open-set, safety-critical applications, such as autonomous driving.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Song Xia , Yi Yu , Henghui Ding , Wenhan Yang , Shifei Liu , Alex C. Kot , Xudong Jiang

Automatic visual inspection using machine learning plays a key role in achieving zero-defect policies in industry. Research on anomaly detection is constrained by the availability of datasets that capture complex defect appearances and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Paul J. Krassnig , Dieter P. Gruber

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) devices in healthcare has introduced unique cybersecurity challenges, primarily due to the diverse communication protocols and critical nature of these devices This research aims…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Prathamesh Chandekar , Mansi Mehta , Swet Chandan

Anomaly detection (AD) has been recently employed in the context of edge cloud computing, e.g., for intrusion detection and identification of performance issues. However, state-of-the-art anomaly detection procedures do not systematically…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Sotiris Skaperas , George Koukis , Ioanna Angeliki Kapetanidou , Vassilis Tsaoussidis , Lefteris Mamatas

Although home IoT (Internet of Things) devices are typically plain and task oriented, the context of their daily use may affect their traffic patterns. For this reason, anomaly-based intrusion detection systems tend to suffer from a high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Yair Meidan , Dan Avraham , Hanan Libhaber , Asaf Shabtai

Federated learning can be a promising solution for enabling IoT cybersecurity (i.e., anomaly detection in the IoT environment) while preserving data privacy and mitigating the high communication/storage overhead (e.g., high-frequency data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Tuo Zhang , Chaoyang He , Tianhao Ma , Lei Gao , Mark Ma , Salman Avestimehr

Internet of Things (IoT) sensors are ubiquitous technologies deployed across smart cities, industrial sites, and healthcare systems. They continuously generate time series data that enable advanced analytics and automation in industries.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Muhammad Sakib Khan Inan , Kewen Liao

The progress of Anomaly Detection (AD) in safety-critical domains, such as transportation, is severely constrained by the lack of large-scale, real-world benchmarks. To address this, we introduce EngineAD, a novel, multivariate dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Hadi Hojjati , Christopher Roth , Rory Woods , Ken Sills , Narges Armanfard

Phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry {\Phi}-OTDR has emerged as a promising sensing technology in Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructures, enabling large-scale distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) for real-time monitoring at the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-31 Xiyang Lan , Xin Li , Yinglei Teng

Automatically detecting anomalies in event data can provide substantial value in domains such as healthcare, DevOps, and information security. In this paper, we frame the problem of detecting anomalous continuous-time event sequences as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Oleksandr Shchur , Ali Caner Türkmen , Tim Januschowski , Jan Gasthaus , Stephan Günnemann

In this work, we present OCLADS, a novel communication framework with continual learning (CL) for Internet of Things (IoT) anomaly detection (AD) when operating in non-stationary environments. As the statistical properties of the observed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Matea Marinova , Shashi Raj Pandey , Junya Shiraishi , Martin Voigt Vejling , Valentin Rakovic , Petar Popovski

Industrial time-series data from real production environments exhibits substantially higher complexity than commonly used benchmark datasets, primarily due to heterogeneous, multi-stage operational processes. As a result, anomaly detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Sergej Krasnikov , Lukas Meitz , Samineh Bagheri , Michael Heider , Thorsten Schöler , Jörg Hähner