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Large language models (LLMs) remain susceptible to jailbreak and direct prompt-injection attacks, yet the strongest defensive filters frequently over-refuse benign queries and degrade user experience. Previous work on jailbreak and prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Purva Chiniya , Kevin Scaria , Sagar Chaturvedi

Autonomous landing is essential for drones deployed in emergency deliveries, post-disaster response, and other large-scale missions. By enabling self-docking on charging platforms, it facilitates continuous operation and significantly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Siwei Cai , Yuwei Wu , Lifeng Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress across a wide range of tasks, but remain vulnerable to safety risks such as harmful content generation and jailbreak attacks. Existing safety techniques -- including external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yuhao Sun , Zhuoer Xu , Shiwen Cui , Kun Yang , Lingyun Yu , Yongdong Zhang , Hongtao Xie

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) rely on sophisticated perception systems to interpret their surroundings, a cornerstone for safe navigation and decision-making. The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into AV perception frameworks offers…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Athanasios Karagounis

Current LLMs are trained to refuse potentially harmful input queries regardless of whether users actually had harmful intents, causing a tradeoff between safety and user experience. Through a study of 480 participants evaluating 3,840…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Mingqian Zheng , Wenjia Hu , Patrick Zhao , Motahhare Eslami , Jena D. Hwang , Faeze Brahman , Carolyn Rose , Maarten Sap

Autonomous agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being utilized in complex software systems. However, reliability remains a significant challenge due to unpredictable failures such as hallucinations, execution…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Cheonsu Jeong , Younggun Shin

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across diverse tasks. However, these models are typically deployed with fixed weights, which limits their ability to adapt dynamically to the variability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Kamer Ali Yuksel , Hassan Sawaf

Mechanistic interpretability reveals that safety-critical behaviors (e.g., alignment, jailbreak, backdoor) in Large Language Models (LLMs) are grounded in specialized functional components. However, existing safety attribution methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Miao Yu , Siyuan Fu , Moayad Aloqaily , Zhenhong Zhou , Safa Otoum , Xing fan , Kun Wang , Yufei Guo , Qingsong Wen

Online abuse has grown increasingly complex, spanning toxic language, harassment, manipulation, and fraudulent behavior. Traditional machine-learning approaches dependent on static classifiers and labor-intensive labeling struggle to keep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Suraj Kath , Sanket Badhe , Preet Shah , Ashwin Sampathkumar , Shivani Gupta

Large language models (LLMs) excel at rapid generation of text and multimodal content, yet they falter on transaction-style planning that demands ACID-like guarantees and real-time disruption recovery. We present Adaptive LLM Agent System…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Edward Y. Chang , Longling Geng

Large Language Model (LLM) safety guardrail models have emerged as a primary defense mechanism against harmful content generation, yet their robustness against sophisticated adversarial attacks remains poorly characterized. This study…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Richard J. Young

Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically aligned for safety during the post-training phase; however, they may still generate inappropriate outputs that could potentially pose risks to users. This challenge underscores the need for robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Mahesh Kumar Nandwana , Youngwan Lim , Joseph Liu , Alex Yang , Varun Notibala , Nishchaie Khanna

Ensuring the safety of large language models (LLMs) is critical as they are deployed in real-world applications. Existing guardrails rely on rule-based filtering or single-pass classification, limiting their ability to handle nuanced safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Xiaofei Wen , Wenxuan Zhou , Wenjie Jacky Mo , Muhao Chen

Large Language Model (LLM)-based systems present new opportunities for autonomous health monitoring in sensor-rich industrial environments. This study explores the potential of LLMs to detect and classify faults directly from sensor data,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xian Yeow Lee , Lasitha Vidyaratne , Ahmed Farahat , Chetan Gupta

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding, reasoning, and generation. However, these systems remain susceptible to malicious prompts that induce unsafe or policy-violating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Shayan Ali Hassan , Tao Ni , Zafar Ayyub Qazi , Marco Canini

The Large Vision-Language Model (LVLM) integrates computer vision and natural language processing techniques, offering substantial application potential. However, these models demand extensive resources during inference. Adaptive attention…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Junyang Zhang , Mu Yuan , Ruiguang Zhong , Puhan Luo , Huiyou Zhan , Ningkang Zhang , Chengchen Hu , Xiangyang Li

Large language model (LLM) agents often struggle in long-context interactions. As the agent accumulates more interaction history, context management approaches such as sliding window and prompt compression may omit earlier structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yating Wu , Yuhao Zhang , Sayan Ghosh , Sourya Basu , Anoop Deoras , Jun Huan , Gaurav Gupta

With the widespread application of Large Language Models (LLMs), their associated security issues have become increasingly prominent, severely constraining their trustworthy deployment in critical domains. This paper proposes a novel safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Qi Li , Jianjun Xu , Pingtao Wei , Jiu Li , Peiqiang Zhao , Jiwei Shi , Xuan Zhang , Yanhui Yang , Xiaodong Hui , Peng Xu , Wenqin Shao

Large Language Models (LLMs) present a critical trade-off between inference quality and computational cost: larger models offer superior capabilities but incur significant latency, while smaller models are faster but less powerful. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Hang Wu , Jianian Zhu , Yinghui Li , Haojie Wang , Biao Hou , Jidong Zhai

Abstention Ability (AA) is a critical aspect of Large Language Model (LLM) reliability, referring to an LLM's capability to withhold responses when uncertain or lacking a definitive answer, without compromising performance. Although…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Nishanth Madhusudhan , Sathwik Tejaswi Madhusudhan , Vikas Yadav , Masoud Hashemi
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