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Single-cell RNA-Sequencing (scRNA-Seq) is a revolutionary technique for discovering and describing cell types in heterogeneous tissues, yet its measurement of expression often suffers from large systematic bias. A major source of this bias…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-05-17 Martin Barron , Jun Li

We present a novel method for automated identification of putative cell types from single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data. By iteratively applying a machine learning approach to an initial clustering of gene expression profiles of a given set…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-22 Zhichao Miao , Pablo Moreno , Ni Huang , Irene Papatheodorou , Alvis Brazma , Sarah A Teichmann

Accurate cell type annotation across datasets is a key challenge in single-cell analysis. snRNA-seq enables profiling of frozen or difficult-to-dissociate tissues, complementing scRNA-seq by capturing fragile or rare cell types. However,…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-10 Xiran Chen , Quan Zou , Qinyu Cai , Xiaofeng Chen , Weikai Li , Yansu Wang

Cell type annotation is a key task in analyzing the heterogeneity of single-cell RNA sequencing data. Although recent foundation models automate this process, they typically annotate cells independently, without considering batch-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yin Fang , Qiao Jin , Guangzhi Xiong , Bowen Jin , Xianrui Zhong , Siru Ouyang , Aidong Zhang , Jiawei Han , Zhiyong Lu

Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) technology is a powerful tool for unraveling the complexity of biological systems. One of essential and fundamental tasks in scRNA-seq data analysis is Cell Type Annotation (CTA). In spite of tremendous…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-04 Chaochen Wu , Meiyun Zuo , Lei Xie

Cellular image segmentation is essential for quantitative biology yet remains difficult due to heterogeneous modalities, morphological variability, and limited annotations. We present GenCellAgent, a training-free multi-agent framework that…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-12 Xi Yu , Yang Yang , Qun Liu , Yonghua Du , Sean McSweeney , Yuewei Lin

With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), their application to cell type annotation has drawn increasing attention. However, general-purpose LLMs often face limitations in this specific task due to the lack of guidance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Dezheng Han , Yibin Jia , Ruxiao Chen , Wenjie Han , Shuaishuai Guo , Jianbo Wang

We introduce HiCat (Hybrid Cell Annotation using Transformative embeddings), a novel semi-supervised pipeline for annotating cell types from single-cell RNA sequencing data. HiCat fuses the strengths of supervised learning for known cell…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-21 Chang Bi , Kailun Bai , Xing Li , Xuekui Zhang

Generative AI foundation models offer transformative potential for processing structured biological data, particularly in single-cell RNA sequencing, where datasets are rapidly scaling toward billions of cells. We propose the use of agentic…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-18 Saleem A. Al Dajani , Abel Sanchez , John R. Williams

Cytometry enables precise single-cell phenotyping within heterogeneous populations. These cell types are traditionally annotated via manual gating, but this method suffers from a lack of reproducibility and sensitivity to batch-effect.…

Accurate and scalable cell type annotation remains a challenge in single-cell transcriptomics, especially when datasets exhibit strong batch effects or contain previously unseen cell populations. Here we introduce SpikGPT, a hybrid deep…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-04 Min Huang , Rishikesan Kamaleswaran

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized biological discovery, providing an unbiased picture of cellular heterogeneity in tissues. While scRNA-seq has been used extensively to provide insight into both healthy systems and…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2020-03-16 Neal G. Ravindra , Arijit Sehanobish , Jenna L. Pappalardo , David A. Hafler , David van Dijk

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized the study of cellular heterogeneity, enabling detailed molecular profiling at the individual cell level. However, integrating high-dimensional single-cell data into causal mediation…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-01 Seungjun Ahn , Li Chen , Maaike van Gerwen , Panos Roussos , Zhigang Li

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) offers detailed insights into cellular heterogeneity. Recent advancements leverage single-cell large language models (scLLMs) for effective representation learning. These models focus exclusively on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yaorui Shi , Jiaqi Yang , Changhao Nai , Sihang Li , Junfeng Fang , Xiang Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Yang Zhang

Recent trends in cell segmentation have shifted towards universal models to handle diverse cell morphologies and imaging modalities. However, for continuously emerging cell types and imaging techniques, these models still require hundreds…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Peilin Zhou , Bo Du , Yongchao Xu

In recent years, the advances in single-cell RNA-seq techniques have enabled us to perform large-scale transcriptomic profiling at single-cell resolution in a high-throughput manner. Unsupervised learning such as data clustering has become…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2020-01-07 Shixiong Zhang , Xiangtao Li , Qiuzhen Lin , Ka-Chun Wong

Identifying cell clusters is a critical step for single-cell transcriptomics study. Despite the numerous clustering tools developed recently, the rapid growth of scRNA-seq volumes prompts for a more (computationally) efficient clustering…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-11 Nana Wei , Yating Nie , Lin Liu , Xiaoqi Zheng , Hua-Jun Wu4

The exploration of cellular heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment (TME) via single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is essential for understanding cancer progression and response to therapy. Current scRNA-seq approaches, however,…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-06 Yu-An Huang , Yue-Chao Li , Hai-Ru You , Jie Pan , Xiyue Cao , Xinyuan Li , Zhi-An Huang , Zhu-Hong You

Large language models excel at interpreting complex natural language instructions, enabling them to perform a wide range of tasks. In the life sciences, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data serves as the "language of cellular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Yin Fang , Xinle Deng , Kangwei Liu , Ningyu Zhang , Jingyang Qian , Penghui Yang , Xiaohui Fan , Huajun Chen

We introduce CellARC, a synthetic benchmark for abstraction and reasoning built from multicolor 1D cellular automata (CA). Each episode has five support pairs and one query serialized in 256 tokens, enabling rapid iteration with small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Miroslav Lžičař