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Nanomagnetic logic, in which the outcome of a computation is embedded into the energy hierarchy of magnetostatically coupled nanomagnets, offers an attractive pathway to implement in-memory computation. This computational paradigm avoids…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Pieter Gypens , Naëmi Leo , Matteo Menniti , Paolo Vavassori , Jonathan Leliaert

Conventional computer electronics creates a dichotomy between how information is processed and how it is stored. Silicon chips process information by controlling the flow of charge through a network of logic gates. This information is then…

Materials Science · Physics 2012-11-27 A. Chernyshov , M. Overby , X. Liu , J. K. Furdyna , Y. Lyanda-Geller , L. P. Rokhinson

In theory, quantum computers can efficiently simulate quantum physics, factor large numbers and estimate integrals, thus solving otherwise intractable computational problems. In practice, quantum computers must operate with noisy devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Knill

Quantum computation is a continuously growing research area which is based on nature and resources of quantum mechanics, as superposition and entanglement. In its quantum circuits version, the use of convenient and appropriate gates is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-04 Francisco Delgado

Probabilistic spin logic (PSL) is a recently proposed computing paradigm based on unstable stochastic units called probabilistic bits (p-bits) that can be correlated to form probabilistic circuits (p-circuits). These p-circuits can be used…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Ahmed Zeeshan Pervaiz , Brian M. Sutton , Lakshmi Anirudh Ghantasala , Kerem Y. Camsari

This paper discusses how to implement certain classes of quantum computer algorithms using classical discrete switching networks that are amenable to implementation in main stream CMOS transistor IC technology. The methods differ from other…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-05-14 John S. Hamel

A proof is given, which relies on the commutator algebra of the unitary Lie groups, that quantum gates operating on just two bits at a time are sufficient to construct a general quantum circuit. The best previous result had shown the…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 David P. Divincenzo

Although inspired by neuronal systems in the brain, artificial neural networks generally employ point-neurons, which offer far less computational complexity than their biological counterparts. Neurons have dendritic arbors that connect to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-10-22 A N M Nafiul Islam , Xuezhong Niu , Jiahui Duan , Shubham Kumar , Kai Ni , Abhronil Sengupta

We introduce a general framework for weak transversal gates -- probabilistic implementation of logical unitaries realized by local physical unitaries -- and propose a novel partially fault-tolerant quantum computing architecture that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Nobuyuki Yoshioka , Alireza Seif , Andrew Cross , Ali Javadi-Abhari

The realization and study of arrays of interacting magnetic nanoislands, such as artificial spin ices, have reached mature levels of control that allow design and demonstration of exotic, collective behaviors not seen in natural materials.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-11-18 Francesco Caravelli , Cristiano Nisoli

We investigate algorithmic control of a large swarm of mobile particles (such as robots, sensors, or building material) that move in a 2D workspace using a global input signal (such as gravity or a magnetic field). We show that a maze of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Aaron T. Becker , Erik D. Demaine , Sándor P. Fekete , Jarrett Lonsforda , Rose Morris-Wright

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are powerful dynamical models, widely used in machine learning (ML) and neuroscience. Prior theoretical work has focused on RNNs with additive interactions. However, gating - i.e. multiplicative -…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-12-02 Kamesh Krishnamurthy , Tankut Can , David J. Schwab

In a quantum computer, creating superpositions of quantum bits (qubits) in different states can lead to a speed-up over classical computers [1], but quantum mechanics also allows for the superposition of quantum circuits [2]. In fact, it…

The present von Neumann computing paradigm involves a significant amount of information transfer between a central processing unit (CPU) and memory, with concomitant limitations in the actual execution speed. However, it has been recently…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-07-03 Fabio Lorenzo Traversa , Fabrizio Bonani , Yuriy V. Pershin , Massimiliano Di Ventra

Neuromorphic computing approaches become increasingly important as we address future needs for efficiently processing massive amounts of data. The unique attributes of quantum materials can help address these needs by enabling new…

Reversible computation has been proposed as a future paradigm for energy efficient computation, but so far few implementations have been realised in practice. Quantum circuits, running on quantum computers, are one construct known to be…

We demonstrate a method to generate application-ready truly random bits from a magnetic tunnel junction driven by a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). We implement a real-time feedback loop that stabilizes the switching probability near…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Troy Criss , Ahmed Sidi El Valli , Naomi Li , Andrew Haas , Andrew D. Kent

A quantum computer has the potential to effciently solve problems that are intractable for classical computers. Constructing a large-scale quantum processor, however, is challenging due to errors and noise inherent in real-world quantum…

A scheme for logical computation using non-linear dynamical systems is presented. Examples of discrete-time maps configured as AND, OR, NAND and NOR gates are given. It is seen that the logical operations are flexible in the sense that an…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Madhekar Suneel

A new spin based logic device is proposed. It is comprised of a common free ferromagnetic layer separated by a tunnel junction from three inputs and one output with separate fixed layers. It has the functionality of a majority gate and is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Dmitri E. Nikonov , George I. Bourianoff , Tahir Ghani