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We propose and develop a concept of magnonic logic gates enabling reversible computing. The gates consist of passive elements: waveguides, cross-junctions and phase shifters. Logical 0 and 1 are encoded in the relative phase of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-13 Alexander Khitun

It is well known that physical phenomena may be of great help in computing some difficult problems efficiently. A typical example is prime factorization that may be solved in polynomial time by exploiting quantum entanglement on a quantum…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Massimiliano Di Ventra , Fabio L. Traversa

Invertible logic can operate in one of two modes: 1) a forward mode, in which inputs are presented and a single, correct output is produced, and 2) a reverse mode, in which the output is fixed and the inputs take on values consistent with…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sean C. Smithson , Naoya Onizawa , Brett H. Meyer , Warren J. Gross , Takahiro Hanyu

We introduce the concept of a probabilistic or p-bit, intermediate between the standard bits of digital electronics and the emerging q-bits of quantum computing. We show that low barrier magnets or LBM's provide a natural physical…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Kerem Y. Camsari , Brian M. Sutton , Supriyo Datta

Recently, there has been growing interest in unconventional computing as an approach for solving NP-hard problems, by developing dedicated hardware to find solutions more efficiently than conventional CPUs. In many of these approaches,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Amy J. Searle , Harry Youel , Fredrik Hasselgren , Annika Möslein , Ramy Aboushelbaya , Marko von der Leyen

Probabilistic (p-) computing, which leverages the stochasticity of its building blocks (p-bits) to solve a variety of computationally hard problems, has recently emerged as a promising physics-inspired hardware accelerator platform. A…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-05-02 Sagnik Banerjee , Shiva T. Konakanchi , Supriyo Datta , Pramey Upadhyaya

We propose that neuromorphic computing can perform quantum operations. Spiking neurons in the active or silent states are connected to the two states of Ising spins. A quantum density matrix is constructed from the expectation values and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-03-31 Christian Pehle , Christof Wetterich

The possible use of spin and magnets in place of charge and capacitors to store and process information is well known. Magnetic tunnel junctions are being widely investigated and developed for magnetic random access memories. These are two…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-26 Behtash Behin-Aein , Jian-Ping Wang , Roland Wiesendanger

We theoretically propose a symmetric encryption scheme based on Restricted Boltzmann Machines that functions as a probabilistic Enigma device, encoding information in the marginal distributions of visible states while utilizing bias…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-24 Bin Chen , Weichao Yu

Recent advances in metamaterials and fabrication techniques have revived interest in mechanical computing. Contrary to techniques relying on static deformations of buckling beams or origami-based lattices, the integration of wave scattering…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Ethan Fort , Mohamed Mousa , Mostafa Nouh

As the world enters the age of ubiquitous computing, the need for reconfigurable hardware operating close to the fundamental limits of energy consumption becomes increasingly pressing. Simultaneously, scaling-driven performance improvements…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Alexantrou Serb , Ali Khiat , Themis Prodromakis

Landauer's principle places a fundamental lower limit on the work required to perform a logically irreversible operation. Logically reversible gates provide a way to avoid these work costs, and also simplify the task of making the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-11-16 Ian Seet , Thomas E. Ouldridge , Jonathan P. K. Doye

While several paths have emerged in microelectronics and computing as follow-ons to Turing architectures, and have been implemented using essentially silicon circuits, very little beyond Moore research has considered: (1) first biological…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-09-27 P. N. Borza , L-F Pau

The transistor celebrated its 75${}^\text{th}$ birthday in 2022. The continued scaling of the transistor defined by Moore's Law continues, albeit at a slower pace. Meanwhile, computing demands and energy consumption required by modern…

Brain-inspired computing - leveraging neuroscientific principles underpinning the unparalleled efficiency of the brain in solving cognitive tasks - is emerging to be a promising pathway to solve several algorithmic and computational…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Kezhou Yang , Dhuruva Priyan G M , Abhronil Sengupta

In a large-scale quantum computer, the cost of communications will dominate the performance and resource requirements, place many severe demands on the technology, and constrain the architecture. Unfortunately, fault-tolerant computers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-23 Rodney Van Meter , Thaddeus D. Ladd , Austin G. Fowler , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

Artificial intelligence applications in autonomous driving, medical diagnostics, and financial systems increasingly demand machine learning models that can provide robust uncertainty quantification, interpretability, and noise resilience.…

Memcomputing logic gates generalize the traditional Boolean logic gates for operation in the reverse direction. According to the literature, this functionality enables the efficient solution of computationally-intensive problems including…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Y. V. Pershin

We propose a method for implementation of an universal set of one- and two-quantum-bit gates for quantum computation in the system of two coupled electrons with constant non-diagonal exchange interaction. Suppression of the exchange…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 A. V. Nenashev , A. F. Zinovieva , A. V. Dvurechenskii , A. Yu. Gornov , T. S. Zarodnyuk

Deep Spiking Neural Networks are becoming increasingly powerful tools for cognitive computing platforms. However, most of the existing literature on such computing models are developed with limited insights on the underlying hardware…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Abhronil Sengupta , Maryam Parsa , Bing Han , Kaushik Roy