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Neural speech codecs have been widely used in audio compression and various downstream tasks. Current mainstream codecs are fixed-frame-rate (FFR), which allocate the same number of tokens to every equal-duration slice. However, speech is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 Hankun Wang , Yiwei Guo , Chongtian Shao , Bohan Li , Kai Yu

Neural audio codecs are initially introduced to compress audio data into compact codes to reduce transmission latency. Researchers recently discovered the potential of codecs as suitable tokenizers for converting continuous audio into…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-21 Haibin Wu , Xuanjun Chen , Yi-Cheng Lin , Kai-wei Chang , Ho-Lam Chung , Alexander H. Liu , Hung-yi Lee

We present EdgeCodec, an end-to-end neural compressor for barometric data collected from wind turbine blades. EdgeCodec leverages a heavily asymmetric autoencoder architecture, trained with a discriminator and enhanced by a Residual Vector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Benjamin Hodo , Tommaso Polonelli , Amirhossein Moallemi , Luca Benini , Michele Magno

Neural Audio Codecs (NACs) can reduce transmission overhead by performing compact compression and reconstruction, which also aim to bridge the gap between continuous and discrete signals. Existing NACs can be divided into two categories:…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Zhisheng Zhang , Xiang Li , Yixuan Zhou , Jing Peng , Shengbo Cai , Guoyang Zeng , Zhiyong Wu

The neural codec model reduces speech data transmission delay and serves as the foundational tokenizer for speech language models (speech LMs). Preserving emotional information in codecs is crucial for effective communication and context…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-31 Wenze Ren , Yi-Cheng Lin , Huang-Cheng Chou , Haibin Wu , Yi-Chiao Wu , Chi-Chun Lee , Hung-yi Lee , Yu Tsao

State-of-the-art sequence-to-sequence acoustic networks, that convert a phonetic sequence to a sequence of spectral features with no explicit prosody prediction, generate speech with close to natural quality, when cascaded with neural…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-26 Slava Shechtman , Carmel Rabinovitz , Alex Sorin , Zvi Kons , Ron Hoory

Neural audio codecs are at the core of modern conversational speech technologies, converting continuous speech into sequences of discrete tokens that can be processed by LLMs. However, existing codecs typically operate at fixed frame rates,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Luca Della Libera , Cem Subakan , Mirco Ravanelli

Neural audio codecs have recently enabled high-fidelity reconstruction at high compression rates, especially for speech. However, speech and non-speech audio exhibit fundamentally different spectral characteristics: speech energy…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Haoran Wang , Jiatong Shi , Jinchuan Tian , Bohan Li , Kai Yu , Shinji Watanabe

The goal of this paper is to generate realistic audio with a lightweight and fast diffusion-based vocoder, named FreGrad. Our framework consists of the following three key components: (1) We employ discrete wavelet transform that decomposes…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-19 Tan Dat Nguyen , Ji-Hoon Kim , Youngjoon Jang , Jaehun Kim , Joon Son Chung

Training neural video codec (NVC) with variable rate is a highly challenging task due to its complex training strategies and model structure. In this paper, we train an efficient variable bitrate neural video codec (EV-NVC) with the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yongcun Hu , Yingzhen Zhai , Jixiang Luo , Wenrui Dai , Dell Zhang , Hongkai Xiong , Xuelong Li

This paper aims to enhance low-resource TTS by reducing training data requirements using compact speech representations. A Multi-Stage Multi-Codebook (MSMC) VQ-GAN is trained to learn the representation, MSMCR, and decode it to waveforms.…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Haohan Guo , Fenglong Xie , Xixin Wu , Hui Lu , Helen Meng

GAN vocoders are currently one of the state-of-the-art methods for building high-quality neural waveform generative models. However, most of their architectures require dozens of billion floating-point operations per second (GFLOPS) to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-03 Ahmed Mustafa , Jean-Marc Valin , Jan Büthe , Paris Smaragdis , Mike Goodwin

Recent developments in generative models have shown that deep learning combined with traditional digital signal processing (DSP) techniques could successfully generate convincing violin samples [1], that source-excitation combined with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-07 Ollie McCarthy , Zohaib Ahmed

This Ph.D. thesis focuses on developing a system for high-quality speech synthesis and voice conversion. Vocoder-based speech analysis, manipulation, and synthesis plays a crucial role in various kinds of statistical parametric speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Mohammed Salah Al-Radhi

Speech codecs serve as a crucial bridge in unifying speech and text language models. Existing codec methods face several challenges in semantic encoding, such as residual paralinguistic information (e.g., timbre, emotion), insufficient…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-06 Chunyu Qiang , Haoyu Wang , Cheng Gong , Tianrui Wang , Ruibo Fu , Tao Wang , Ruilong Chen , Jiangyan Yi , Zhengqi Wen , Chen Zhang , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang , Jianhua Tao

Low power deep learning accelerators on the speech processing enable real-time applications on edge devices. However, most of the existing accelerators suffer from high power consumption and focus on image applications only. This paper…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Chih-Chyau Yang , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Neural audio codecs (NACs) provide compact latent speech representations in the form of sequences of continuous vectors or discrete tokens. In this work, we investigate how these two types of speech representations compare when used as…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Sofiene Kammoun , Xavier Alameda-Pineda , Simon Leglaive

With the emergence of neural audio codecs, which encode multiple streams of discrete tokens from audio, large language models have recently gained attention as a promising approach for zero-shot Text-to-Speech (TTS) synthesis. Despite the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-04 Jaehyeon Kim , Keon Lee , Seungjun Chung , Jaewoong Cho

Speech enhancement remains challenging due to the trade-off between efficiency and perceptual quality. In this paper, we introduce MAGE, a Masked Audio Generative Enhancer that advances generative speech enhancement through a compact and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-16 The Hieu Pham , Tan Dat Nguyen , Phuong Thanh Tran , Joon Son Chung , Duc Dung Nguyen

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have emerged with strong performance across diverse audio understanding tasks and can be further enhanced by neural audio codecs. Transitioning from multi-layer residual vector quantizers to a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jingyi Li , Zhiyuan Zhao , Zhisheng Zhang , Yunfei Liu , Lijian Lin , Ye Zhu , Jiahao Wu , Qiuqiang Kong , Yu Li