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In this work, we extended a stochastic model for football leagues based on the team's potential [R. da Silva et al. Comput. Phys. Commun. \textbf{184} 661--670 (2013)] for making predictions instead of only performing a successful…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-06-08 Eduardo V. Stock , Roberto da Silva , Henrique A. Fernandes

A question is raised on whether some implied regularity or structure, as found in soccer team ranking by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA), is due to implicit game result value or score competition conditions. The analysis…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-22 Marcel Ausloos , Adam Gadomski , Nikolay K. Vitanov

We consider the problem of ranking objects from noisy pairwise comparisons, for example, ranking tennis players from the outcomes of matches. We follow a standard approach to this problem and assume that each object has an unobserved…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Daniel Sánchez Catalina , George T. Cantwell

We propose a novel algorithm that outputs the final standings of a soccer league, based on a simple dynamics that mimics a soccer tournament. In our model, a team is created with a defined potential(ability) which is updated during the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-06-05 Roberto da Silva , Mendeli Vainstein , Luis Lamb , Sandra Prado

We consider the problem of estimating the probability matrix governing a tournament or linkage in graphs from incomplete observations, under the assumption that the probability matrix satisfies natural monotonicity constraints after being…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-05 Sabyasachi Chatterjee , Sumit Mukherjee

We investigated the temporal distribution of goals in soccer using event-level data from 3,433 matches across 21 leagues and competitions. Contrary to the prevailing notion of randomness, we found that the probability of a goal being scored…

This paper proposes a multiple-membership generalized linear mixed model for ranking college football teams using only their win/loss records. The model results in an intractable, high-dimensional integral due to the random effects…

Applications · Statistics 2014-04-01 Andrew T. Karl

A tournament organizer must select one of $n$ possible teams as the winner of a competition after observing all $\binom{n}{2}$ matches between them. The organizer would like to find a tournament rule that simultaneously satisfies the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-26 David Mikšaník , Ariel Schvartzman , Jan Soukup

Qualifications for several world championships in sports are organised such that distinct sets of teams play in their own tournament for a predetermined number of slots. Inspired by a recent work studying the problem with the tools from the…

General Economics · Economics 2025-01-07 László Csató , László Marcell Kiss , Zsombor Szádoczki

In this work, we draw attention to a connection between skill-based models of game outcomes and Gaussian process classification models. The Gaussian process perspective enables a) a principled way of dealing with uncertainty and b) rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-06 Lucas Maystre , Victor Kristof , Antonio J. González Ferrer , Matthias Grossglauser

We determine the inducibility of all tournaments with at most $4$ vertices together with the extremal constructions. The $4$-vertex tournament containing an oriented $C_3$ and one source vertex has a particularly interesting extremal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-22 Dalton Burke , Bernard Lidický , Florian Pfender , Michael Phillips

The play-offs of the UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying tournament determine the last four participants in the UEFA European Championship 2020. 16 teams, which have failed to obtain a slot in the qualifying group stage, will be selected and divided…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-09-16 László Csató

This article deals with ranking methods. We study the situation where a tournament between $n$ players $P_1$, $P_2$, \ldots $P_n$ gives the ranking $P_1 \succ P_2 \succ \cdots \succ P_n$, but, if the results of $P_n$ are no longer taken…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Guillaume Chéze , Etienne Fieux

Cooperative game theory has diverse applications in contemporary artificial intelligence, including domains like interpretable machine learning, resource allocation, and collaborative decision-making. However, specifying a cooperative game…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Filip Úradník , David Sychrovský , Jakub Černý , Martin Černý

We propose a game-theoretic framework that incorporates both incomplete information and general ambiguity attitudes on factors external to all players. Our starting point is players' preferences on payoff-distribution vectors, essentially…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2017-04-04 Jian Yang

Ladder tournaments are widely used to rank individuals in real-world organizations and games. Their mathematical properties however are still poorly understood. We formalize the ranking rule generated by a ladder tournament, and we show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-07 Roland Pongou , Bertrand Tchantcho , Narcisse Tedjeugang

This article is devoted to the forecast of the FIFA World Cup 2022 via nested zero-inflated generalized Poisson regression. Our regression model incorporates the Elo points of the participating teams, the location of the matches and the of…

Applications · Statistics 2025-05-22 Lorenz A. Gilch

Ranking the participants of a tournament has applications in voting, paired comparisons analysis, sports and other domains. In this paper we introduce bipartite tournaments, which model situations in which two different kinds of entity…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Joseph Singleton , Richard Booth

We study deliberative social choice, where voters engage in small-group discussions to output collective preferences that are then aggregated by a social choice rule. We introduce a simple deliberation-via-matching protocol. In this…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Kamesh Munagala , Qilin Ye , Ian Zhang

Three state-of-the-art statistical ranking methods for forecasting football matches are combined with several other predictors in a hybrid machine learning model. Namely an ability estimate for every team based on historic matches; an…