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Large language models (LLMs) have traditionally been aligned through one-size-fits-all approaches that assume uniform human preferences, fundamentally overlooking the diversity in user values and needs. This paper introduces a comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Songhao Wu , Wei Wu , Rui Yan

In conversational AI, personalizing dialogues with persona profiles and contextual understanding is essential. Despite large language models' (LLMs) improved response coherence, effective persona integration remains a challenge. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Qiushi Huang , Xubo Liu , Tom Ko , Bo Wu , Wenwu Wang , Yu Zhang , Lilian Tang

Language systems have been of great interest to the research community and have recently reached the mass market through various assistant platforms on the web. Reinforcement Learning methods that optimize dialogue policies have seen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Floris den Hengst , Mark Hoogendoorn , Frank van Harmelen , Joost Bosman

Previous work has showcased the intriguing capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in instruction-following and rhetorical fluency. However, systematic exploration of their dual capabilities to autonomously persuade and resist…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Tianjie Ju , Yujia Chen , Hao Fei , Mong-Li Lee , Wynne Hsu , Pengzhou Cheng , Zongru Wu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are known to generate biased responses where the opinions of certain groups and populations are underrepresented. Here, we present a novel approach to achieve controllable generation of specific viewpoints using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Junyi Li , Ninareh Mehrabi , Charith Peris , Palash Goyal , Kai-Wei Chang , Aram Galstyan , Richard Zemel , Rahul Gupta

Tool learning has emerged as a promising direction by extending Large Language Models' (LLMs) capabilities with external tools. Existing tool learning studies primarily focus on the general-purpose tool-use capability, which addresses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Qiancheng Xu , Yongqi Li , Heming Xia , Fan Liu , Min Yang , Wenjie Li

Automatic evaluation by large language models (LLMs) is a prominent topic today; however, judgment and evaluation tasks are often subjective and influenced by various factors, making adaptation challenging. While many studies demonstrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Javad Seraj , Mohammad Mahdi Mohajeri , Mohammad Javad Dousti , Majid Nili Ahmadabadi

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on human preferences, typically through reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), has proven successful in enhancing their capabilities. However, ensuring the safety of LLMs during…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Wenxuan Zhang , Philip H. S. Torr , Mohamed Elhoseiny , Adel Bibi

Persona prompting has been widely adopted to steer large language models (LLMs) behavior and improve their instruction performance by assigning specific characters. However, identifying an optimal persona is time-consuming, and its impact…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jihwan Oh , Soowon Oh , Murad Aghazada , Minchan Jeong , Sungnyun Kim , Se-Young Yun

Current benchmarks for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) often do not exhibit enough writing style diversity, with many adhering primarily to standardized conventions. Such benchmarks do not fully capture the rich variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Kimberly Le Truong , Riccardo Fogliato , Hoda Heidari , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Product designers often begin their design process with handcrafted personas. While personas are intended to ground design decisions in consumer preferences, they often fall short in practice by remaining abstract, expensive to produce, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Taewook Kim , Matthew K. Hong , Yan-Ying Chen , Jonathan Q. Li , Monica P Van , Shabnam Hakimi , Matthew Kay , Matthew Klenk

Opinion modeling aims to capture individual or group political preferences, enabling applications such as digital democracies, where models could help shape fairer and more popular policies. Given their versatility, strong generalization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Frédéric Berdoz , Yann Billeter , Yann Vonlanthen , Roger Wattenhofer

Personalized large language models (LLMs) adapt model behavior to individual users to enhance user satisfaction, yet personalization can inadvertently distort factual reasoning. We show that when personalized LLMs face factual queries,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Zhongxiang Sun , Yi Zhan , Chenglei Shen , Weijie Yu , Xiao Zhang , Ming He , Jun Xu

A long-standing challenge in developing accurate recommendation models is simulating user behavior, mainly due to the complex and stochastic nature of user interactions. Towards this, one promising line of work has been the use of Large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Himanshu Thakur , Eshani Agrawal , Smruthi Mukund

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is critical for enhancing LLMs' safety, helpfulness, humor, faithfulness, etc. Current reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) mainly focuses on a fixed reward learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Qiang He , Yucheng Yang , Tianyi Zhou , Meng Fang , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Setareh Maghsudi

Human preference alignment can greatly enhance Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), but collecting high-quality preference data is costly. A promising solution is the self-evolution strategy, where models are iteratively trained on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Wentao Tan , Qiong Cao , Yibing Zhan , Chao Xue , Changxing Ding

Leveraging persona information of users in Neural Response Generators (NRG) to perform personalized conversations has been considered as an attractive and important topic in the research of conversational agents over the past few years.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Bowen Wu , Mengyuan Li , Zongsheng Wang , Yifu Chen , Derek Wong , Qihang Feng , Junhong Huang , Baoxun Wang

Human reasoning involves different strategies, each suited to specific problems. Prior work shows that large language model (LLMs) tend to favor a single reasoning strategy, potentially limiting their effectiveness in diverse reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yanjian Zhang , Guillaume Wisniewski , Nadi Tomeh , Thierry Charnois

Integrating Foundation Models (FMs) into recommendation systems is an emerging and promising research direction. However, centralized paradigms face growing pressure from privacy concerns and strict regulatory requirements. Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zhiwei Li , Guodong Long , Chunxu Zhang , Honglei Zhang , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

Model alignment with human preferences is an essential step in making Large Language Models (LLMs) helpful and consistent with human values. It typically consists of supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning from human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yi Dong , Zhilin Wang , Makesh Narsimhan Sreedhar , Xianchao Wu , Oleksii Kuchaiev