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Large audio-language models (LALMs) can generate reasoning chains for their predictions, but it remains unclear whether these reasoning chains remain grounded in the input audio. In this paper, we propose an RL-based strategy that grounds…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Jihoon Jeong , Pooneh Mousavi , Mirco Ravanelli , Cem Subakan

Image geolocalization, in which an AI model traditionally predicts the precise GPS coordinates of an image, is a challenging task with many downstream applications. However, the user cannot utilize the model to further their knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Ron Campos , Ashmal Vayani , Parth Parag Kulkarni , Rohit Gupta , Aizan Zafar , Aritra Dutta , Mubarak Shah

Vision Language Models (VLMs) are rapidly advancing in their capability to answer information-seeking questions. As these models are widely deployed in consumer applications, they could lead to new privacy risks due to emergent abilities to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ethan Mendes , Yang Chen , James Hays , Sauvik Das , Wei Xu , Alan Ritter

Audio Large Language Models (Audio LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in integrating speech perception with language understanding. However, whether their internal representations align with human neural dynamics during…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Haoyun Yang , Xin Xiao , Jiang Zhong , Yu Tian , Dong Xiaohua , Yu Mao , Hao Wu , Kaiwen Wei

Recent advances in the audio language modeling (ALM) domain tackle audio understanding and text-to-audio generation as separate tasks. Very few studies attempt to unify these tasks -- an essential step toward advanced multimodal reasoning.…

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) has been extensively investigated, yet prior benchmarks have largely focused on assessing the acoustic robustness of ASR models, leaving evaluations of their linguistic capabilities relatively…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 He Wang , Linhan Ma , Dake Guo , Xiong Wang , Lei Xie , Jin Xu , Junyang Lin

Speech quality assessment typically requires evaluating audio from multiple aspects, such as mean opinion score (MOS) and speaker similarity (SIM) \etc., which can be challenging to cover using one small model designed for a single task. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-02 Siyin Wang , Wenyi Yu , Yudong Yang , Changli Tang , Yixuan Li , Jimin Zhuang , Xianzhao Chen , Xiaohai Tian , Jun Zhang , Guangzhi Sun , Lu Lu , Yuxuan Wang , Chao Zhang

Large audio-language models (LALMs) have achieved near-human performance in sentence-level transcription and emotion recognition. However, existing evaluations focus mainly on surface-level perception, leaving the capacity of models for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wanqi Yang , Yanda Li , Yunchao Wei , Meng Fang , Ling Chen

Audio-Visual Localization (AVL) aims to identify sound-emitting sources within a visual scene. However, existing studies focus on image-level audio-visual associations, failing to capture temporal dynamics. Moreover, they assume simplified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Hahyeon Choi , Junhoo Lee , Nojun Kwak

Large audio-language models are advancing rapidly, yet most evaluations emphasize speech or globally sourced sounds, overlooking culturally distinctive cues. This gap raises a critical question: can current models generalize to localized,…

We introduce MMAR, a new benchmark designed to evaluate the deep reasoning capabilities of Audio-Language Models (ALMs) across massive multi-disciplinary tasks. MMAR comprises 1,000 meticulously curated audio-question-answer triplets,…

The rise of multimodal large language models has introduced innovative human-machine interaction paradigms but also significant challenges in machine learning safety. Audio-Language Models (ALMs) are especially relevant due to the intuitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Isha Gupta , David Khachaturov , Robert Mullins

The ability to localize and track acoustic events is a fundamental prerequisite for equipping machines with the ability to be aware of and engage with humans in their surrounding environment. However, in realistic scenarios, audio signals…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-22 Christine Evers , Heinrich Loellmann , Heinrich Mellmann , Alexander Schmidt , Hendrik Barfuss , Patrick Naylor , Walter Kellermann

Multimodal Audio-Language Models (ALMs) can understand and reason over both audio and text. Typically, reasoning performance correlates with model size, with the best results achieved by models exceeding 8 billion parameters. However, no…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Soham Deshmukh , Satvik Dixit , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been widely applied in speech and music. This tendency has led to a focus on audio tokenization for Large Models (LMs). Unlike semantic-only text tokens, audio tokens must both capture global…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Lu Wang , Hao Chen , Siyu Wu , Zhiyue Wu , Hao Zhou , Chengfeng Zhang , Ting Wang , Haodi Zhang

This paper presents GeoAgent, a model capable of reasoning closely with humans and deriving fine-grained address conclusions. Previous RL-based methods have achieved breakthroughs in performance and interpretability but still remain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Modi Jin , Yiming Zhang , Boyuan Sun , Dingwen Zhang , MingMing Cheng , Qibin Hou

Audio Language Models (ALM) have emerged as the dominant paradigm for speech and music generation by representing audio as sequences of discrete tokens. Yet, unlike text tokens, which are invertible, audio tokens are extracted from lossy…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Simon Rouard , Manu Orsini , Axel Roebel , Neil Zeghidour , Alexandre Défossez

Conventional audio equalization is a static process that requires manual and cumbersome adjustments to adapt to changing listening contexts (e.g., mood, location, or social setting). In this paper, we introduce a Large Language Model…

While large language models have demonstrated impressive reasoning abilities, their extension to the audio modality, particularly within large audio-language models (LALMs), remains underexplored. Addressing this gap requires a systematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xingjian Diao , Chunhui Zhang , Keyi Kong , Weiyi Wu , Chiyu Ma , Zhongyu Ouyang , Peijun Qing , Soroush Vosoughi , Jiang Gui

Geolocation is now a vital aspect of modern life, offering numerous benefits but also presenting serious privacy concerns. The advent of large vision-language models (LVLMs) with advanced image-processing capabilities introduces new risks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yi Liu , Junchen Ding , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li , Tianwei Zhang , Weisong Sun , Yaowen Zheng , Jingquan Ge , Yang Liu