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Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) integrate audio encoders with pretrained Large Language Models to perform complex multimodal reasoning tasks. While these models can generate Chain-of-Thought (CoT) explanations, the faithfulness of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Pooneh Mousavi , Lovenya Jain , Mirco Ravanelli , Cem Subakan

Acoustic source localization has been applied in different fields, such as aeronautics and ocean science, generally using multiple microphones array data to reconstruct the source location. However, the model-based beamforming methods fail…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Guanxing Zhou , Hao Liang , Xinghao Ding , Yue Huang , Xiaotong Tu , Saqlain Abbas

Large Audio-language Models (LAMs) have recently enabled powerful speech-based interactions by coupling audio encoders with Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the security of LAMs under adversarial attacks remains underexplored,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Hongyi Li , Chengxuan Zhou , Chu Wang , Sicheng Liang , Yanting Chen , Qinlin Xie , Jiawei Ye , Jie Wu

A fundamental characteristic of audio is its compositional nature. Audio-language models (ALMs) trained using a contrastive approach (e.g., CLAP) that learns a shared representation between audio and language modalities have improved…

Reasoning has become a defining capability of modern foundation models, yet its development in the audio modality remains limited. Audio poses challenges that are distinct from those of text and vision. It is continuous, temporally dense,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-21 Zhihan Guo , Wenqian Cui , Guan-Ting Lin , Daxin Tan , Jingyao Li , Qiyong Zheng , Dingdong Wang , Jing Xiong , Han Shi , Jiaya Jia , Irwin King

Building on the success of large language models (LLMs), recent advancements such as GPT-4o have enabled real-time speech interactions through LLM-based voice assistants, offering a significantly improved user experience compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Yiming Chen , Xianghu Yue , Chen Zhang , Xiaoxue Gao , Robby T. Tan , Haizhou Li

Our research uncovers a novel privacy risk associated with multimodal large language models (MLLMs): the ability to infer sensitive personal attributes from audio data -- a technique we term audio private attribute profiling. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Lixu Wang , Kaixiang Yao , Xinfeng Li , Dong Yang , Haoyang Li , Xiaofeng Wang , Wei Dong

During the performance of sound source localization which uses both visual and aural information, it presently remains unclear how much either image or sound modalities contribute to the result, i.e. do we need both image and sound for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Takashi Oya , Shohei Iwase , Ryota Natsume , Takahiro Itazuri , Shugo Yamaguchi , Shigeo Morishima

Recently, multimodal large language models (MLLMs), such as GPT-4o, Gemini 1.5 Pro, and Reka Core, have expanded their capabilities to include vision and audio modalities. While these models demonstrate impressive performance across a wide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Kaixiong Gong , Kaituo Feng , Bohao Li , Yibing Wang , Mofan Cheng , Shijia Yang , Jiaming Han , Benyou Wang , Yutong Bai , Zhuoran Yang , Xiangyu Yue

This paper explores a novel perspective to speech quality assessment by leveraging natural language descriptions, offering richer, more nuanced insights than traditional numerical scoring methods. Natural language feedback provides…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-17 Siyin Wang , Wenyi Yu , Xianzhao Chen , Xiaohai Tian , Jun Zhang , Lu Lu , Yu Tsao , Junichi Yamagishi , Yuxuan Wang , Chao Zhang

Recent audio-aware large language models (ALLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across diverse audio understanding and reasoning tasks, but they still frequently produce hallucinated or overly confident outputs. While uncertainty…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-29 Chun-Yi Kuan , Wei-Ping Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) can revolutionize how we deploy and operate Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) by enhancing network analytics, anomaly detection, and code generation and significantly increasing the efficiency and reliability…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Pranshav Gajjar , Vijay K. Shah

Audio large language models (ALLMs) have recently advanced spoken interaction by integrating speech processing with large language models. However, existing evaluations of fairness, safety, and security (FSS) remain fragmented, largely…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ranya Aloufi , Srishti Gupta , Soumya Shaw , Battista Biggio , Lea Schönherr

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, yet their robustness against malicious audio injection attacks remains underexplored. This study systematically evaluates five leading LALMs across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Guanyu Hou , Jiaming He , Yinhang Zhou , Ji Guo , Yitong Qiao , Rui Zhang , Wenbo Jiang

Current speech evaluation suffers from two critical limitations: the need and difficulty of designing specialized systems targeting individual audio characteristics, and poor correlation between automatic evaluation methods and human…

Audio-Visual Segmentation (AVS) aims to produce pixel-level masks of sound producing objects in videos, by jointly learning from audio and visual signals. However, real-world environments are inherently dynamic, causing audio and visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Siddeshwar Raghavan , Gautham Vinod , Bruce Coburn , Fengqing Zhu

Achieving pronunciation proficiency in a second language (L2) remains a challenge, despite the development of Computer-Assisted Pronunciation Training (CAPT) systems. Traditional CAPT systems often provide unintuitive feedback that lacks…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Hongfu Liu , Zhouying Cui , Xiangming Gu , Ye Wang

Images shared on social media often expose geographic cues. While early geolocation methods required expert effort and lacked generalization, the rise of Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) now enables accurate geolocation even for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xinyu Zhang , Yixin Wu , Boyang Zhang , Chenhao Lin , Chao Shen , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Knowledge editing enables targeted updates without retraining, but prior work focuses on textual or visual facts, leaving abstract auditory perceptual knowledge underexplored. We introduce SAKE, the first benchmark for editing perceptual…

The objective of the sound source localization task is to enable machines to detect the location of sound-making objects within a visual scene. While the audio modality provides spatial cues to locate the sound source, existing approaches…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Sung Jin Um , Dongjin Kim , Jung Uk Kim
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