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We are witnessing a confluence of vision, speech and dialog system technologies that are enabling the IVAs to learn audio-visual groundings of utterances and have conversations with users about the objects, activities and events surrounding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-27 Shachi H Kumar , Eda Okur , Saurav Sahay , Jonathan Huang , Lama Nachman

Self-supervised audio representation learning offers an attractive alternative for obtaining generic audio embeddings, capable to be employed into various downstream tasks. Published approaches that consider both audio and words/tags…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Xavier Favory , Konstantinos Drossos , Tuomas Virtanen , Xavier Serra

Audiovisual scenes are pervasive in our daily life. It is commonplace for humans to discriminatively localize different sounding objects but quite challenging for machines to achieve class-aware sounding objects localization without…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Di Hu , Yake Wei , Rui Qian , Weiyao Lin , Ruihua Song , Ji-Rong Wen

While large language models have become the prevailing approach for agentic reasoning and planning, their success in symbolic domains does not readily translate to the physical world. Spatial intelligence, the ability to perceive 3D…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Gloria Felicia , Nolan Bryant , Handi Putra , Ayaan Gazali , Eliel Lobo , Esteban Rojas

A recent line of research on automated speaking assessment (ASA) has benefited from self-supervised learning (SSL) representations, which capture rich acoustic and linguistic patterns in non-native speech without underlying assumptions of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Tien-Hong Lo , Szu-Yu Chen , Yao-Ting Sung , Berlin Chen

Transformer-based multimodal models are widely used in industrial-scale recommendation, search, and advertising systems for content understanding and relevance ranking. Enhancing labeled training data quality and cross-modal fusion…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yu Sun , Yin Li , Ruixiao Sun , Chunhui Liu , Fangming Zhou , Ze Jin , Linjie Wang , Xiang Shen , Zhuolin Hao , Hongyu Xiong

Multimodal foundation models (MFMs) have demonstrated significant success in tasks such as visual captioning, question answering, and image-text retrieval. However, these models face inherent limitations due to their finite internal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Xingjian Diao , Chunhui Zhang , Weiyi Wu , Zhongyu Ouyang , Peijun Qing , Ming Cheng , Soroush Vosoughi , Jiang Gui

Facial action units (AUs) are essential to decode human facial expressions. Researchers have focused on training AU detectors with a variety of features and classifiers. However, several issues remain. These are spatial representation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-03 Wen-Sheng Chu , Fernando De la Torre , Jeffrey F. Cohn

Transformers have rapidly become the preferred choice for audio classification, surpassing methods based on CNNs. However, Audio Spectrogram Transformers (ASTs) exhibit quadratic scaling due to self-attention. The removal of this quadratic…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Mehmet Hamza Erol , Arda Senocak , Jiu Feng , Joon Son Chung

Humans are surrounded by audio signals that include both speech and non-speech sounds. The recognition and understanding of speech and non-speech audio events, along with a profound comprehension of the relationship between them, constitute…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Yuan Gong , Alexander H. Liu , Hongyin Luo , Leonid Karlinsky , James Glass

State-of-the-art (SOTA) Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems primarily rely on acoustic information while disregarding additional multi-modal context. However, visual information are essential in disambiguation and adaptation. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Supriti Sinhamahapatra , Jan Niehues

The task of Visual Sound Source Localization (VSSL) involves identifying the location of sound sources in visual scenes, integrating audio-visual data for enhanced scene understanding. Despite advancements in state-of-the-art (SOTA) models,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Xavier Juanola , Gloria Haro , Magdalena Fuentes

The sound of crashing waves, the roar of fast-moving cars -- sound conveys important information about the objects in our surroundings. In this work, we show that ambient sounds can be used as a supervisory signal for learning visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-21 Andrew Owens , Jiajun Wu , Josh H. McDermott , William T. Freeman , Antonio Torralba

Visual events are usually accompanied by sounds in our daily lives. However, can the machines learn to correlate the visual scene and sound, as well as localize the sound source only by observing them like humans? To investigate its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Arda Senocak , Tae-Hyun Oh , Junsik Kim , Ming-Hsuan Yang , In So Kweon

Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) such as GPT-4o and Qwen3-Omni show strong perception but struggle in multi-speaker, dialogue-centric settings that demand agentic reasoning tracking who speaks, maintaining roles, and…

The ability to accurately recognize, localize and separate sound sources is fundamental to any audio-visual perception task. Historically, these abilities were tackled separately, with several methods developed independently for each task.…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Shentong Mo , Pedro Morgado

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for reliable, enterprise-grade analytics such as text categorization is often hindered by the stochastic nature of attention mechanisms and sensitivity to noise that compromise their analytical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Shreeya Verma Kathuria , Nitin Mayande , Sharookh Daruwalla , Nitin Joglekar , Charles Weber

Audio-visual multi-modal modeling has been demonstrated to be effective in many speech related tasks, such as speech recognition and speech enhancement. This paper introduces a new time-domain audio-visual architecture for target speaker…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-24 Jian Wu , Yong Xu , Shi-Xiong Zhang , Lian-Wu Chen , Meng Yu , Lei Xie , Dong Yu

The Audio-Visual Segmentation (AVS) task aims to segment sounding objects in the visual space using audio cues. However, in this work, it is recognized that previous AVS methods show a heavy reliance on detrimental segmentation preferences…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yaoting Wang , Peiwen Sun , Yuanchao Li , Honggang Zhang , Di Hu

We introduce ImmerseDiffusion, an end-to-end generative audio model that produces 3D immersive soundscapes conditioned on the spatial, temporal, and environmental conditions of sound objects. ImmerseDiffusion is trained to generate…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Mojtaba Heydari , Mehrez Souden , Bruno Conejo , Joshua Atkins