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The spin Hall effect (SHE) enables efficient electrical manipulation of magnetization through the spin Hall current \left(\mathbit{J}_{\mathbit{SHE}}\right), advancing energy-efficient spintronics. In parallel, the orbital Hall effect (OHE)…

The orbital Hall effect in light materials has attracted considerable attention for developing novel orbitronic devices. Here we investigate the orbital torque efficiency and demonstrate the switching of the perpendicularly magnetized…

Current induced spin-orbit torques driven by the conventional spin Hall effect are widely used to manipulate the magnetization. This approach, however, is nondeterministic and inefficient for the switching of magnets with perpendicular…

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) generated through the conventional spin Hall effect (SHE) and/or Rashba-Edelstein effect offer potential for magnetization manipulation. However, deterministic switching of perpendicular ferromagnets via SOTs…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Zelalem Abebe Bekele , Yuan-Yuan Jiang , Kun Lei , Xiukai Lan , Xiangyu Liu , Hui Wen , Ding-Fu Shao , Kaiyou Wang

Ferromagnetic metals, with the potential to generate spin current with unconventional spin polarization via the spin Hall effect, offer promising opportunities for field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization and for the spin-orbit…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-03 Fanxing Zheng , Jianting Dong , Yizhuo Song , Meng Zhu , Xinlu Li , Jia Zhang

The orbital Hall effect, which does not rely on the spin-orbit coupling, has recently emerged as a promising mechanism for electrically manipulating magnetization in thin-film ferromagnets. Despite its potential, direct experimental…

Recently orbital Hall current has attracted attention as an alternative method to switch the magnetization of ferromagnets. Here we present our findings on electrical switching of antiferromagnetic state in Mn3Sn/Cr, where despite the much…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-10-20 Hang Xie , Nan Zhang , Yuteng Ma , Xin Chen , Lin Ke , Yihong Wu

Spin-orbitronics, based on both spin and orbital angular momentum, presents a promising pathway for energy-efficient memory and logic devices. Recent studies have demonstrated the emergence of orbital currents in light transition metals…

Spin Hall effect, an electric generation of spin current, allows for efficient control of magnetization. Recent theory revealed that orbital Hall effect creates orbital current, which can be much larger than spin Hall-induced spin current.…

Carrying information using generation and detection of the orbital current, instead of the spin current, is an emerging field of research, where the orbital Hall effect (OHE) is an important ingredient. Here, we propose a new mechanism of…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-04-22 Sayantika Bhowal , S. Satpathy

The orbital Hall effect (OHE), resulting from non-trivial quantum geometry of 2D materials, has several potential advantages over the spin Hall effect (SHE), the latter being well known for its many applications in spintronics. Like the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-12-17 Hao Sun , Giovanni Vignale

The orbital Hall effect (OHE) has attracted significant attention for developing energy-efficient electronic devices. However, utilizing it in fast, low-power devices requires an enhanced understanding of underlying extrinsic and intrinsic…

We study inverse spin and orbital Hall effects in 19 transition metals using spin-pumping driven by ferromagnetic resonance. Spin-to-charge conversion was measured in YIG/X(5), while orbital-to-charge conversion was probed in YIG/Pt(2)/X(5)…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 J. L. Costa , E. Santos , J. B. S. Mendes , A. Azevedo

Spin-Orbit Torque (SOT) Magnetic Random-Access Memory (MRAM) devices offer improved power efficiency, nonvolatility, and performance compared to static RAM, making them ideal, for instance, for cache memory applications. Efficient…

Electrical manipulation of magnetization by spin-orbit torque (SOT) has shown promise for realizing reliable magnetic memories and oscillators. To date, the generation of transverse spin current and SOT, whether it is of spin Hall effect…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-02-20 Yong-Chang Lau , Hwachol Lee , Kohji Nakamura , Masamitsu Hayashi

The spin Hall effect originating from 5d heavy transition metal thin films such as Pt, Ta, and W is able to generate efficient spin-orbit torques that can switch adjacent magnetic layers. This mechanism can serve as an alternative to…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-08-30 Wei-Bang Liao , Tian-Yue Chen , Yari Ferrante , Stuart S. P. Parkin , Chi-Feng Pai

It has been shown that the spin Hall effect from heavy transition metals can generate sufficient spin-orbit torque and further produce current-induced magnetization switching in the adjacent ferromagnetic layer. However, if the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-04-16 Yan-Ting Liu , Tian-Yue Chen , Tzu-Hsiang Lo , Tsung-Yu Tsai , Shan-Yi Yang , Yao-Jen Chang , Jeng-Hua Wei , Chi-Feng Pai

The orbital Hall effect provides an alternative means to the spin Hall effect to convert a charge current into a flow of angular momentum. Recently, compelling signatures of orbital Hall effects have been identified in 3d transition metals.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-07-14 Giacomo Sala , Pietro Gambardella

We demonstrate the formation of orbital and spin Hall effects (OHE/SHE) in the 1T phase of non-magnetic transition metal dichalcogenides. With the aid of density functional theory calculations and model Hamiltonian studies on MX$_2$ (M =…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-05-21 Pratik Sahu , Jatin Kumar Bidika , Bubunu Biswal , S. Satpathy , B. R. K. Nanda

Orbital Hall effect (OHE) is the phenomenon of transverse flow of orbital moment in presence of an applied electric field. Solids with broken inversion symmetry are expected to exhibit a strong OHE due to the presence of an intrinsic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Sayantika Bhowal , S. Satpathy
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